Caracterização físico-química de espécies de madeiras do bioma amazônico para a preservação ambiental

• Autor(a) principal: Faita, Jéssica Rosa [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/203006; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2019-10-22/000918391.pdf
• topic: Biomassa; Madeira - Proteção contra o fogo; Sustentabilidade; Biomass

The exhaustion of fossil fuels, non-renewable sources, has motivated the search for the use of renewable sources and with this, the efficient use of biomass. Brazil, which holds 69% of the Amazon Biome, is home to numerous species of plants and animals, and needs to know its flora more deeply in order to preserve the forests that face high rates of deforestation. In this way, the present study aims to perform the physicochemical characterization of some species of wood from the Amazon Biome to collaborate with information for the formation of a reference database in the protection of the environment, prevention and control of forest fires . The characterization evidenced the variation of moisture content, ashes, extractives, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin among the species, confirming that the composition of the wood depends on factors such as age of wood, climate, region and climate. Woods with higher ash content are less susceptible to ignition and, undesirable for use in furnaces, and samples presented low values compared to other lignocellulosic materials. The high moisture content, linked to the amount of water in the woods, acts as a fire protection. The coloration of the analyzed wood presented strong interaction with the extractive content, the darker ones presented higher extractive content than the clear ones. The contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were similar to those found in the literature, in ratios ranging between approximately 40:30:30 and / or 50:20:30, respectively. These results contribute to the knowledge of the main characteristics of wood most commonly found in the Amazonian biome and is of great value for combating the burning and the sustainable use of these biomasses for the consolidation of a network of protection and maintenance of this ecosystem