Formas de N-orgânico em latossolo em função de nitrogênio e de plantas de cobertura em pré-safra do milho

• Autor(a) principal: Bergamasco, Marina Ali Mere [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/135970; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/16-02-2016/000858351.pdf
• topic: Gramínea; Leguminosa; Adubação; Fertilizantes nitrogenados; Nitrogenio na agricultura; Nitrogen fertilizers

The soil management in no-tillage system with cover crops and nitrogen levels changes the forms and the availability of N. A sensitive chemical index to detect variations in the availability of N caused by management can increase the accuracy of the fertilizer recommendations. With this work it was intended to evaluate the effects of cover crops in maize pre-cropping, and levels of N sidedress fertilization in maize, in the forms of soil organic N in a long-term experiment; to associate organic N forms with availability, through the correlation with N determined by direct steam distillation. The experiment is installed in a sandy clay Oxisol, in randomized blocks with split plots, with cover crops as main treatments and doses of N as secondary treatments. The cover crops are gray velvet bean, sunn hemp, jack bean, lablab, millet and spontaneous vegetation. The levels of urea-N sidedress fertilization in corn are 0 and 120 kg ha-1. The soil samples were collected in the twelfth year of the experiment, at the layers 0-5; 5-10; 10-20; 20-40; 40-60 cm, 30 days after the desiccation of cover crops. The samples were submitted to acid hydrolysis followed by the determination of: total hydrolysable N, hydrolysable NH4+-N, amino acids-N, amino sugars-N and acid insoluble-N. By subtraction were obtained unidentified-N (total hydrolysable-N - hydrolysable NH4+ + amino sugars + amino acids) and amino sugars-N (hydrolysable NH4+ + amino sugars - hydrolysable NH4+) .The amino sugars-N predominated over other hydrolysable-N fractions and cover crops had no clear effect on the definition of that dominance. Nitrogen fertilization decreased the N levels of the most labile fractions (hydrolysable NH4+ and amino sugars-N). There was a correlation between N determined by direct steam distillation and organic-N forms, particularly amino acids-N and amino sugars-N, which defined these fractions as organic N pools that controls the N availability