The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.982638 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/246333 |
Resumo: | The amount of anerobic energy released during exercise might modify the initial phase of oxygen recovery (fast-O2debt) post-exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the reliability of peak oxygen uptake (Formula presented.) estimate by back-extrapolation (Formula presented.) under different swimming conditions in the severe-intensity domain, verifying how the alterations of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile and anerobic energy demand might affect (Formula presented.) values. Twenty swimmers (16.7 ± 2.4 years, 173.5 ± 10.2 cm, and 66.4 ± 10.6 kg) performed an incremental intermittent step protocol (IIST: 6 × 250 plus 1 × 200 m, IIST_v200m) for the assessment of (Formula presented.). The (Formula presented.) off-kinetics used a bi-exponential model to discriminate primary amplitude, time delay, and time constant (A1off, TD1off, and τoff) for assessment of fast-O2debt post IIST_v200m, 200-m single-trial (v200 m), and rest-to-work transition at 90% delta (v90%Δ) tests. The linear regression estimated (Formula presented.) and the rate of (Formula presented.) recovery (BE-slope) post each swimming performance. The ANOVA (Sidak as post hoc) compared (Formula presented.) to the estimates of (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ, and the coefficient of dispersion (R2) analyzed the association between tests. The values of (Formula presented.) during IIST did not differ from (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ (55.7 ± 7.1 vs. 53.7 ± 8.2 vs. 56.3 ± 8.2 vs. 54.1 ± 9.1 ml kg−1 min−1, p > 0.05, respectively). However, the (Formula presented.) variance is moderately explained by (Formula presented.) only in IIST_v200 m and v90%Δ (RAdj2 = 0.44 and RAdj2 = 0.43, p < 0.01). The TD1off and τoff responses post IIST_v200 m were considerably lower than those in both v200 m (6.1 ± 3.8 and 33.0 ± 9.5 s vs. 10.9 ± 3.5 and 47.7 ± 7.9 s; p < 0.05) and v90%Δ (10.1 ± 3.8 and 44.3 ± 6.3 s, p < 0.05). The BE-slope post IIST_v200m was faster than in v200 m and v90%Δ (-47.9 ± 14.6 vs. -33.0 ± 10.4 vs. -33.6 ± 13.8 ml kg−1, p < 0.01), and the total anerobic (AnaerTotal) demand was lower in IIST_v200 m (37.4 ± 9.4 ml kg−1) than in 200 m and 90%Δ (51.4 ± 9.4 and 46.2 ± 7.7 ml kg−1, p < 0.01). Finally, the τ1off was related to AnaerTotal in IIST_v200m, v200 m, and v90%Δ (r = 0.64, r = 0.61, and r = 0.64, p < 0.01). The initial phase of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile provided different (although reliable) conditions for the estimate of (Formula presented.) with BE procedures, which accounted for the moderate effect of anerobic release on (Formula presented.) off-kinetics, but compromised exceptionally the (Formula presented.) estimate in the 200-m single trial. |
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The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domainback-extrapolationoxygen uptake kineticsoxygen uptake recoverypeak oxygen uptakeswimmingThe amount of anerobic energy released during exercise might modify the initial phase of oxygen recovery (fast-O2debt) post-exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the reliability of peak oxygen uptake (Formula presented.) estimate by back-extrapolation (Formula presented.) under different swimming conditions in the severe-intensity domain, verifying how the alterations of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile and anerobic energy demand might affect (Formula presented.) values. Twenty swimmers (16.7 ± 2.4 years, 173.5 ± 10.2 cm, and 66.4 ± 10.6 kg) performed an incremental intermittent step protocol (IIST: 6 × 250 plus 1 × 200 m, IIST_v200m) for the assessment of (Formula presented.). The (Formula presented.) off-kinetics used a bi-exponential model to discriminate primary amplitude, time delay, and time constant (A1off, TD1off, and τoff) for assessment of fast-O2debt post IIST_v200m, 200-m single-trial (v200 m), and rest-to-work transition at 90% delta (v90%Δ) tests. The linear regression estimated (Formula presented.) and the rate of (Formula presented.) recovery (BE-slope) post each swimming performance. The ANOVA (Sidak as post hoc) compared (Formula presented.) to the estimates of (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ, and the coefficient of dispersion (R2) analyzed the association between tests. The values of (Formula presented.) during IIST did not differ from (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ (55.7 ± 7.1 vs. 53.7 ± 8.2 vs. 56.3 ± 8.2 vs. 54.1 ± 9.1 ml kg−1 min−1, p > 0.05, respectively). However, the (Formula presented.) variance is moderately explained by (Formula presented.) only in IIST_v200 m and v90%Δ (RAdj2 = 0.44 and RAdj2 = 0.43, p < 0.01). The TD1off and τoff responses post IIST_v200 m were considerably lower than those in both v200 m (6.1 ± 3.8 and 33.0 ± 9.5 s vs. 10.9 ± 3.5 and 47.7 ± 7.9 s; p < 0.05) and v90%Δ (10.1 ± 3.8 and 44.3 ± 6.3 s, p < 0.05). The BE-slope post IIST_v200m was faster than in v200 m and v90%Δ (-47.9 ± 14.6 vs. -33.0 ± 10.4 vs. -33.6 ± 13.8 ml kg−1, p < 0.01), and the total anerobic (AnaerTotal) demand was lower in IIST_v200 m (37.4 ± 9.4 ml kg−1) than in 200 m and 90%Δ (51.4 ± 9.4 and 46.2 ± 7.7 ml kg−1, p < 0.01). Finally, the τ1off was related to AnaerTotal in IIST_v200m, v200 m, and v90%Δ (r = 0.64, r = 0.61, and r = 0.64, p < 0.01). The initial phase of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile provided different (although reliable) conditions for the estimate of (Formula presented.) with BE procedures, which accounted for the moderate effect of anerobic release on (Formula presented.) off-kinetics, but compromised exceptionally the (Formula presented.) estimate in the 200-m single trial.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaPostgraduate Program in Human Development and Technologies São Paulo State University—UNESP, São PauloSão Paulo State University—UNESP, São PauloCIPER Faculdade de Motricidade Humana University de LisboaPolytechnic Institute of Setúbal (CIEF—ESE/IPS CDP2T ESTSetúbal/IPS)Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria)Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de LisboaPortugal Football School Portuguese Football Federation FPFPostgraduate Program in Human Development and Technologies São Paulo State University—UNESP, São PauloSão Paulo State University—UNESP, São PauloUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)University de LisboaESTSetúbal/IPS)Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria)Universidade de LisboaFPFMassini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP]Simionato, Astor Reis [UNESP]Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP]Macedo, Anderson Geremias [UNESP]Espada, Mário CunhaReis, Joana FilipaBesone Alves, FranciscoPessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP]2023-07-29T12:38:04Z2023-07-29T12:38:04Z2022-11-03info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.982638Frontiers in Physiology, v. 13.1664-042Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/24633310.3389/fphys.2022.9826382-s2.0-85142205995Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengFrontiers in Physiologyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-07-29T12:38:04Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/246333Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T15:56:50.351324Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
title |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
spellingShingle |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] back-extrapolation oxygen uptake kinetics oxygen uptake recovery peak oxygen uptake swimming |
title_short |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
title_full |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
title_fullStr |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
title_full_unstemmed |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
title_sort |
The reliability of back-extrapolation in estimating V˙O2peak in different swimming performances at the severe-intensity domain |
author |
Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] Simionato, Astor Reis [UNESP] Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] Macedo, Anderson Geremias [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Besone Alves, Francisco Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Simionato, Astor Reis [UNESP] Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] Macedo, Anderson Geremias [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Besone Alves, Francisco Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) University de Lisboa ESTSetúbal/IPS) Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria) Universidade de Lisboa FPF |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Massini, Danilo Alexandre [UNESP] Simionato, Astor Reis [UNESP] Almeida, Tiago André Freire [UNESP] Macedo, Anderson Geremias [UNESP] Espada, Mário Cunha Reis, Joana Filipa Besone Alves, Francisco Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
back-extrapolation oxygen uptake kinetics oxygen uptake recovery peak oxygen uptake swimming |
topic |
back-extrapolation oxygen uptake kinetics oxygen uptake recovery peak oxygen uptake swimming |
description |
The amount of anerobic energy released during exercise might modify the initial phase of oxygen recovery (fast-O2debt) post-exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the reliability of peak oxygen uptake (Formula presented.) estimate by back-extrapolation (Formula presented.) under different swimming conditions in the severe-intensity domain, verifying how the alterations of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile and anerobic energy demand might affect (Formula presented.) values. Twenty swimmers (16.7 ± 2.4 years, 173.5 ± 10.2 cm, and 66.4 ± 10.6 kg) performed an incremental intermittent step protocol (IIST: 6 × 250 plus 1 × 200 m, IIST_v200m) for the assessment of (Formula presented.). The (Formula presented.) off-kinetics used a bi-exponential model to discriminate primary amplitude, time delay, and time constant (A1off, TD1off, and τoff) for assessment of fast-O2debt post IIST_v200m, 200-m single-trial (v200 m), and rest-to-work transition at 90% delta (v90%Δ) tests. The linear regression estimated (Formula presented.) and the rate of (Formula presented.) recovery (BE-slope) post each swimming performance. The ANOVA (Sidak as post hoc) compared (Formula presented.) to the estimates of (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ, and the coefficient of dispersion (R2) analyzed the association between tests. The values of (Formula presented.) during IIST did not differ from (Formula presented.) in v200 m, IIST_v200 m, and v90%Δ (55.7 ± 7.1 vs. 53.7 ± 8.2 vs. 56.3 ± 8.2 vs. 54.1 ± 9.1 ml kg−1 min−1, p > 0.05, respectively). However, the (Formula presented.) variance is moderately explained by (Formula presented.) only in IIST_v200 m and v90%Δ (RAdj2 = 0.44 and RAdj2 = 0.43, p < 0.01). The TD1off and τoff responses post IIST_v200 m were considerably lower than those in both v200 m (6.1 ± 3.8 and 33.0 ± 9.5 s vs. 10.9 ± 3.5 and 47.7 ± 7.9 s; p < 0.05) and v90%Δ (10.1 ± 3.8 and 44.3 ± 6.3 s, p < 0.05). The BE-slope post IIST_v200m was faster than in v200 m and v90%Δ (-47.9 ± 14.6 vs. -33.0 ± 10.4 vs. -33.6 ± 13.8 ml kg−1, p < 0.01), and the total anerobic (AnaerTotal) demand was lower in IIST_v200 m (37.4 ± 9.4 ml kg−1) than in 200 m and 90%Δ (51.4 ± 9.4 and 46.2 ± 7.7 ml kg−1, p < 0.01). Finally, the τ1off was related to AnaerTotal in IIST_v200m, v200 m, and v90%Δ (r = 0.64, r = 0.61, and r = 0.64, p < 0.01). The initial phase of the (Formula presented.) recovery profile provided different (although reliable) conditions for the estimate of (Formula presented.) with BE procedures, which accounted for the moderate effect of anerobic release on (Formula presented.) off-kinetics, but compromised exceptionally the (Formula presented.) estimate in the 200-m single trial. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-03 2023-07-29T12:38:04Z 2023-07-29T12:38:04Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.982638 Frontiers in Physiology, v. 13. 1664-042X http://hdl.handle.net/11449/246333 10.3389/fphys.2022.982638 2-s2.0-85142205995 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.982638 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/246333 |
identifier_str_mv |
Frontiers in Physiology, v. 13. 1664-042X 10.3389/fphys.2022.982638 2-s2.0-85142205995 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in Physiology |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128584614674432 |