Variabilidade de Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli e epidemiologia da mancha-aquosa do melão

• Autor(a) principal: SOUZA, Elineide Barbosa de
• Data de Publicação: 2002
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6587
• topic: Variabilidade; Acidovorax citrulli; Melão; Mancha aquosa; Epidemiologia; FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA

The variability of 20 Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli isolates in relation to melon fruit blotch components, hypersensitive reaction, and the bacterial transmission by seeds from inoculated fruits were studied. The influence of duration (0, 6, 24 and 48 h), the onset of leaf wetness period (0, 6, 24 and 48 h after inoculation), and inoculum concentration of A. avenae subsp. citrulli (3.4 x 101 to 3.4 x 107 CFU mL-1) on severity of fruit blotch in melon plants were also evaluated. The effects of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40° C), humidity (0 and 6 h of moist chamber), inoculum concentration (3.4 x 101 to 3.4 x 107 CFU mL-1) and fruit age (40, 50, 60 and 70 days) on the development of melon fruit blotch were also verified. Seeds, plants and fruits were inoculated through vacuum infiltration, atomization and sub-epidermal injection, respectively. Seedlings and plants were assessed in relation to incubation period, diseaseindex, area under disease progress curve and disease progress rate; incubation period, diameter of external lesion and lesion depth were assessed on the fruits. The data were submitted to mean comparison tests, clustering tests or regression analysis. The Euclidian distance–single linkage confirmed the variability among the A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains allowing their separation in four similarity groups. Seed transmission ranged from 30 to 64 % and all strains induced hypersensitive reaction on tobacco and tomato leaves. The regression equations for the analyzed variables in melon plants were better adjusted by the quadratic or logarithmic models. The incubation period ranged from 1.3 to 2.7 days and was higher in plants without leaf wetness, although the disease index and area under disease progress curve increased as the duration of leaf wetness increased. The beginning of the leaf wetness period at 48 h after inoculation elevatedthe incubation period and disease progress rate in relation to the other periods. The disease progress rate, disease index and area under disease progress curve increased as the inoculum concentration increases, reaching maximum values of 4.4 infection units/day, 73.7 % and 18.9 at 3.4 x 107 UFC mL-1, respectively, at 3.4 x 101 CFU mL-1. The temperature and humidity influenced significantly (P=0,05) the severity of melon fruit blotch, however, the incubation period was not affected. The larger external lesions were observed in the fruits incubated at 35 and 30° C without moist chamber, and at 30° C in moist chamber for six h. In relation to lesion depth, those lesions in fruits incubated without moist chamber were deeper at 25 and 30° C. However, with moist chamber the lesions at 30° C were deeper than the others. No disease symptoms were observed onfruits incubated at 15 and 20° C. The humidity significantly (P=0,05) influenced the development of external lesions and lesions depth at 35 and 25° C, respectively. The diameter and depth of lesions increased as the inoculum concentration was higher and were reduced as the fruit age increased. No external or internal lesions were detected on fruits with 60 and 70 days inoculated with the pathogen at 3.4 x 101 CFU mL-1.