An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Archives of Clinical Psychiatry |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/180673 |
Resumo: | Therapeutic properties of ibogaine in the treatment of addiction are attracting both clinicians and patients to its use. Since ibogaine is not an authorized medicine, the quality of these products is not always known, increasing the probability of adverse reactions. Objective: This study collects different types of iboga-derived samples from treatment providers, vendors and online buyers to analyse their content. Methods: Analysis of iboga products (n = 16) was performed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry methods (GC/MS). Products included Iboga root bark, Total Alkaloids (TA), Purified Total Alkaloids (PTA HCl), ibogaine hydrochloride (ibogaine HCl) and one Voacanga africana root bark. Results: The content of ibogaine was highly variable, ranging from 0.6% to 11.2% for products sold as iboga root bark, from 8.2% to 32.9% for products sold as TA, 73.7% for one sample sold as PTA and from 61.5% to 73.4% for products sold as ibogaine HCl. One sample did not show any iboga alkaloids. Other alkaloids and unknown substances were found in almost all samples. Discussion: The purity of iboga products is highly variable. These results should be taken into consideration by suppliers and users, especially regarding correct dosing to avoid overdose, as well as potential interactions with other substances. |
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Archives of Clinical Psychiatry |
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An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providersTabernanthe ibogaibogainesample analysisaddiction treatmentharm reductionTherapeutic properties of ibogaine in the treatment of addiction are attracting both clinicians and patients to its use. Since ibogaine is not an authorized medicine, the quality of these products is not always known, increasing the probability of adverse reactions. Objective: This study collects different types of iboga-derived samples from treatment providers, vendors and online buyers to analyse their content. Methods: Analysis of iboga products (n = 16) was performed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry methods (GC/MS). Products included Iboga root bark, Total Alkaloids (TA), Purified Total Alkaloids (PTA HCl), ibogaine hydrochloride (ibogaine HCl) and one Voacanga africana root bark. Results: The content of ibogaine was highly variable, ranging from 0.6% to 11.2% for products sold as iboga root bark, from 8.2% to 32.9% for products sold as TA, 73.7% for one sample sold as PTA and from 61.5% to 73.4% for products sold as ibogaine HCl. One sample did not show any iboga alkaloids. Other alkaloids and unknown substances were found in almost all samples. Discussion: The purity of iboga products is highly variable. These results should be taken into consideration by suppliers and users, especially regarding correct dosing to avoid overdose, as well as potential interactions with other substances.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Psiquiatria2020-04-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/18067310.1590/0101-60830000000231Archives of Clinical Psychiatry; v. 47 n. 2 (2020); 51-54Archives of Clinical Psychiatry; Vol. 47 No. 2 (2020); 51-54Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica; Vol. 47 Núm. 2 (2020); 51-541806-938X0101-6083reponame:Archives of Clinical Psychiatryinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/180673/167790Copyright (c) 2020 Archives of Clinical Psychiatryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBouso, José Carlos Fornís, Ivan Vilamala, Mireia Ventura Loenen, Benjamin De Sainz-Cort, Alberto Jiménez-Garrido, Daniel F. Santos, Rafael Guimarães dos Hallak, Jaime E. C. Alcázar-Córcoles, Miguel Ángel Jenks, Christopher W. 2021-02-18T20:02:36Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/180673Revistahttp://www.hcnet.usp.br/ipq/revista/index.htmlPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||archives@usp.br1806-938X0101-6083opendoar:2021-02-18T20:02:36Archives of Clinical Psychiatry - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
title |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
spellingShingle |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers Bouso, José Carlos Tabernanthe iboga ibogaine sample analysis addiction treatment harm reduction |
title_short |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
title_full |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
title_fullStr |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
title_full_unstemmed |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
title_sort |
An analytical study of iboga alkaloids contained in Tabernanthe iboga-derived products offered by ibogaine treatment providers |
author |
Bouso, José Carlos |
author_facet |
Bouso, José Carlos Fornís, Ivan Vilamala, Mireia Ventura Loenen, Benjamin De Sainz-Cort, Alberto Jiménez-Garrido, Daniel F. Santos, Rafael Guimarães dos Hallak, Jaime E. C. Alcázar-Córcoles, Miguel Ángel Jenks, Christopher W. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Fornís, Ivan Vilamala, Mireia Ventura Loenen, Benjamin De Sainz-Cort, Alberto Jiménez-Garrido, Daniel F. Santos, Rafael Guimarães dos Hallak, Jaime E. C. Alcázar-Córcoles, Miguel Ángel Jenks, Christopher W. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bouso, José Carlos Fornís, Ivan Vilamala, Mireia Ventura Loenen, Benjamin De Sainz-Cort, Alberto Jiménez-Garrido, Daniel F. Santos, Rafael Guimarães dos Hallak, Jaime E. C. Alcázar-Córcoles, Miguel Ángel Jenks, Christopher W. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tabernanthe iboga ibogaine sample analysis addiction treatment harm reduction |
topic |
Tabernanthe iboga ibogaine sample analysis addiction treatment harm reduction |
description |
Therapeutic properties of ibogaine in the treatment of addiction are attracting both clinicians and patients to its use. Since ibogaine is not an authorized medicine, the quality of these products is not always known, increasing the probability of adverse reactions. Objective: This study collects different types of iboga-derived samples from treatment providers, vendors and online buyers to analyse their content. Methods: Analysis of iboga products (n = 16) was performed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry methods (GC/MS). Products included Iboga root bark, Total Alkaloids (TA), Purified Total Alkaloids (PTA HCl), ibogaine hydrochloride (ibogaine HCl) and one Voacanga africana root bark. Results: The content of ibogaine was highly variable, ranging from 0.6% to 11.2% for products sold as iboga root bark, from 8.2% to 32.9% for products sold as TA, 73.7% for one sample sold as PTA and from 61.5% to 73.4% for products sold as ibogaine HCl. One sample did not show any iboga alkaloids. Other alkaloids and unknown substances were found in almost all samples. Discussion: The purity of iboga products is highly variable. These results should be taken into consideration by suppliers and users, especially regarding correct dosing to avoid overdose, as well as potential interactions with other substances. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-04-28 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/180673 10.1590/0101-60830000000231 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/180673 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/0101-60830000000231 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/acp/article/view/180673/167790 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Archives of Clinical Psychiatry info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Archives of Clinical Psychiatry |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Psiquiatria |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Psiquiatria |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Archives of Clinical Psychiatry; v. 47 n. 2 (2020); 51-54 Archives of Clinical Psychiatry; Vol. 47 No. 2 (2020); 51-54 Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica; Vol. 47 Núm. 2 (2020); 51-54 1806-938X 0101-6083 reponame:Archives of Clinical Psychiatry instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Archives of Clinical Psychiatry |
collection |
Archives of Clinical Psychiatry |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Archives of Clinical Psychiatry - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||archives@usp.br |
_version_ |
1800237624323997696 |