Implicações do sistema de manejo de gado leiteiro na diversidade de besouros escarabeíneos e em sua função ecossistêmica de remoção de matéria orgânica

• Autor(a) principal: Heerdt, Lara das Neves
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/12529
• topic: Dichotomius nisus; Scarabaeinae; Sistema pecuário rotacionado

Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) are organisms considered bioindicators due to the ecosystemic functions they perform. The objective of the research was to analyze the implications of the dairy cattle management system on the diversity of beetles and on the role of bovine manure removal by these organisms. In the period from December 2016 to March 2017, two livestock management systems were sampled, rotated and extensive, in the city of Armazém, Santa Catarina, Brazil, which had two replications each. For the capture of the beetles, we used standard methodology, with pitfall traps and lures of attraction (feces and fish), 10 matched traps were distributed in each sampling site by management system, totaling five sample points per area, spaced 50 m between. After 48 hours, the captured insects were removed and in the laboratory were identified, weighed and measured. For quantification of removal function by beetle beetles only the rotated system was sampled. We described the community structure and measured the rates of food resource allocation to be offered in three periods: 24, 48 and 72 hours. Regarding the diversity of dung beetles in the sampled livestock environments we registered a total of 104 specimens of beetle beetles, belonging to three species. In the rotated system, 80 individuals of beetle beetles were collected, while in the extensive system only 24 beetles fell into the traps. The number of species observed in each system studied was similar to the expected number of species based on the wealth estimator (Chao 1) and indicated sufficiency in the sampling, with a observed richness of at least 95.8%. Dichotomius nisus Oliver, 1789 was the only species shared in both types of systems sampled. The species: Dichotomius sericeus Harold, 1867 and Deltochilum multicolor Balthasar, 1939 were found only in the rotated system, suggesting that this system provides greater species richness. In terms of abundance, those who contributed the most in the systems studied were D. nisus. The physicochemical characterization of soils in the studied livestock environments showed that the D. nisus species correlated with soil organic matter content, suggesting the importance of these organisms in the nutrient cycling process. Removal of organic matter by dung beetles is influenced by precipitation, being higher in the 72 - hour period.