Obstructive sleep apnea prevents the expected difference in craniofacial growth of boys and girls

• Autor(a) principal: Juliano,Maria Ligia
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Outros Autores: Machado,Marco Antonio Cardoso, Carvalho,Luciane Bizari Coin de, Santos,Gianni Mara Silva dos, Zancanella,Edilson, Prado,Lucila Bizari Fernandes do, Prado,Gilmar Fernandes do
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2013000100005
• topic: sleep apnea syndromes; mouth breathing; child; sleep apnea; obstructive; gender identity

OBJECTIVES: It was to compare cephalometric measures of mouth-breather boys and girls and with the cephalometric pattern observed in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. METHODS: Craniofacial measurements of lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from 144 children aged 7-14 years were compared between boys and girls, and both were compared to cephalometric pattern of OSAS patients. RESULTS: Mouth-breather boys and girls had no gender differences regarding to craniofacial morphology while nose-breather boys and girls showed those expected differences. Nose-breather boys presented a more retruded mandible and proinclined upper incisor when compared to nose-breather girls, but mouth-breather boys and girls had no differences. The measure NS.GoGn was the only variable with an interaction with gender and breathing. CONCLUSIONS: There were no cephalometric difference in mouth breather-boys and girls related to normal growth, suggesting that oral breathing make the same craniofacial morphology and both have craniofacial morphology close to that of OSAS patients.