Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli
Data de Publicação: 2011
Outros Autores: Pedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)
Texto Completo: https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099
Resumo: The objective of this work was to evaluate structural and morphogenetic responses of two species and five cultivars of brachiaria to defoliation intensities. The cultivars Marandu, Xaraés, Arapoty, Capiporã (Urochloa brizantha), and Basilisk (U. decumbens) were mechanically defoliated at 15 and 7.5 cm, in mid-summer and mid-winter. The experimental units (9x4 m plots) were irrigated and fertilized with 220 kg ha-1 per year of N and K2O. Morphogenetic characteristics measured were: phyllochron, leaf senescence and life span, and leaf appearance and elongation rate. The structural characteristics evaluated were: number of leaves per tiller, final leaf length of fully expanded leaves, stems length, senescence/growth ratio, and tiller density. Variations in meteorological conditions of each season promoted increasing of the appearance rates and leaf elongation, and decreasing of the phyllochron and leaf life span. The structural features most responsive to the gradient promoted by harvesting heights were the final leaf length of expanded leaves and tiller density. The lower harvest height had the greatest impact on growth dynamics in comparison to senescence, in individual tillers. The cultivars Xaraés and Capiporã were more productive due to higher leaf elongation rates and higher tiller density. 
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spelling Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensityRespostas morfogênicas e estruturais de dosséis de espécies de Braquiária à intensidade de desfolhaçãoBrachiaria; Urochloa; tissue flows; defoliation management; morphogenesis; senescenceBrachiaria; Urochloa; fluxo de tecidos; manejo da desfolhação; morfogênese; senescênciaThe objective of this work was to evaluate structural and morphogenetic responses of two species and five cultivars of brachiaria to defoliation intensities. The cultivars Marandu, Xaraés, Arapoty, Capiporã (Urochloa brizantha), and Basilisk (U. decumbens) were mechanically defoliated at 15 and 7.5 cm, in mid-summer and mid-winter. The experimental units (9x4 m plots) were irrigated and fertilized with 220 kg ha-1 per year of N and K2O. Morphogenetic characteristics measured were: phyllochron, leaf senescence and life span, and leaf appearance and elongation rate. The structural characteristics evaluated were: number of leaves per tiller, final leaf length of fully expanded leaves, stems length, senescence/growth ratio, and tiller density. Variations in meteorological conditions of each season promoted increasing of the appearance rates and leaf elongation, and decreasing of the phyllochron and leaf life span. The structural features most responsive to the gradient promoted by harvesting heights were the final leaf length of expanded leaves and tiller density. The lower harvest height had the greatest impact on growth dynamics in comparison to senescence, in individual tillers. The cultivars Xaraés and Capiporã were more productive due to higher leaf elongation rates and higher tiller density. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as respostas morfogênicas e estruturais de duas espécies e cinco cultivares de braquiária a intensidades de desfolhação. As cultivares Marandu, Xaraés, Arapoty, Capiporã (Urochloa brizantha) e Basilisk (U. Decumbens) foram desfolhadas mecanicamente a 15 e 7,5 cm de altura, durante o verão e o inverno. Utilizaram-se unidades experimentais de 9x4 m, irrigadas e adubadas com 220 kg ha-1 por ano de N e K2O. As características morfogênicas avaliadas foram: filocrono e senescência, duração de vida e taxas de aparecimento e alongamento de folhas. As características estruturais foram: número de folhas vivas por perfilho, comprimento final das folhas expandidas e de colmos, relação senescência/crescimento e densidade populacional de perfilhos. Variações nas condições meteorológicas, em cada estação, promoveram aumentos nas taxas de aparecimento e alongamento, diminuição do filocrono e duração de vida das folhas. As características estruturais mais responsivas ao gradiente promovido pelas alturas de corte foram o comprimento final de folhas expandidas e a densidade populacional de perfilhos. A altura de corte mais baixa exerceu maior impacto na dinâmica de crescimento do que na senescência, em perfilhos individuais. As cultivares Xaraés e Capiporã foram as mais produtivas, em razão das maiores taxas de alongamento foliar e maior densidade populacional de perfilhos.Pesquisa Agropecuaria BrasileiraPesquisa Agropecuária BrasileiraFundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo - FAPESPLara, Márcio André StefanelliPedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira2011-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.46, n.7, jul. 2011; 760-767Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.46, n.7, jul. 2011; 760-7671678-39210100-104xreponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPAporhttps://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099/6425https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/downloadSuppFile/10099/5431info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2014-06-04T16:28:55Zoai:ojs.seer.sct.embrapa.br:article/10099Revistahttp://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pabPRIhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phppab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br1678-39210100-204Xopendoar:2014-06-04T16:28:55Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
Respostas morfogênicas e estruturais de dosséis de espécies de Braquiária à intensidade de desfolhação
title Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
spellingShingle Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli
Brachiaria; Urochloa; tissue flows; defoliation management; morphogenesis; senescence
Brachiaria; Urochloa; fluxo de tecidos; manejo da desfolhação; morfogênese; senescência
title_short Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
title_full Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
title_fullStr Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
title_full_unstemmed Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
title_sort Structural and morphogenetic responses of swards of Brachiaria species to defoliation intensity
author Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli
author_facet Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli
Pedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira
author_role author
author2 Pedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Lara, Márcio André Stefanelli
Pedreira, Carlos Guilherme Silveira
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Brachiaria; Urochloa; tissue flows; defoliation management; morphogenesis; senescence
Brachiaria; Urochloa; fluxo de tecidos; manejo da desfolhação; morfogênese; senescência
topic Brachiaria; Urochloa; tissue flows; defoliation management; morphogenesis; senescence
Brachiaria; Urochloa; fluxo de tecidos; manejo da desfolhação; morfogênese; senescência
description The objective of this work was to evaluate structural and morphogenetic responses of two species and five cultivars of brachiaria to defoliation intensities. The cultivars Marandu, Xaraés, Arapoty, Capiporã (Urochloa brizantha), and Basilisk (U. decumbens) were mechanically defoliated at 15 and 7.5 cm, in mid-summer and mid-winter. The experimental units (9x4 m plots) were irrigated and fertilized with 220 kg ha-1 per year of N and K2O. Morphogenetic characteristics measured were: phyllochron, leaf senescence and life span, and leaf appearance and elongation rate. The structural characteristics evaluated were: number of leaves per tiller, final leaf length of fully expanded leaves, stems length, senescence/growth ratio, and tiller density. Variations in meteorological conditions of each season promoted increasing of the appearance rates and leaf elongation, and decreasing of the phyllochron and leaf life span. The structural features most responsive to the gradient promoted by harvesting heights were the final leaf length of expanded leaves and tiller density. The lower harvest height had the greatest impact on growth dynamics in comparison to senescence, in individual tillers. The cultivars Xaraés and Capiporã were more productive due to higher leaf elongation rates and higher tiller density. 
publishDate 2011
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2011-09-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099
url https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/10099/6425
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/downloadSuppFile/10099/5431
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.46, n.7, jul. 2011; 760-767
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.46, n.7, jul. 2011; 760-767
1678-3921
0100-104x
reponame:Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)
instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)
instacron:EMBRAPA
instname_str Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)
instacron_str EMBRAPA
institution EMBRAPA
reponame_str Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)
collection Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv pab@sct.embrapa.br || sct.pab@embrapa.br
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