Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest
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Publication Date: | 2022 |
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | por |
Source: | Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) |
Download full: | https://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/2113 |
Summary: | The present work had as objective to evaluate the accuracy of applications, smartphones and measurers in inferring the total height in a planted forest. Thirty trees were randomly selected, measured in a Tectona grandis stand, by three applications (Measure height, Two point height and Hypsometer), three smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 and J7) and three measurers. The trees were logged and their real heights were obtained with a tape measure. To assess accuracy, a t-test for independent samples was performed, after verification of homogeneity of variances by Bartlett's test and normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, all at 95% confidence levels. In addition, graphical analysis of residues was performed, as well as complementary statistics (bias, mean of absolute differences, standard deviation of differences and root of mean square error). We concluded that depending on the application used, there are smartphones that are not indicate for height measurement. The best-performing application is the Hypsometer. Galaxy S6 smartphone presented the best estimate, preferably for the Two point height application. The measurer experience was confirmed as essential requirement in height estimation using applications and smartphones. |
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Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forestAplicativos e smartphones para mensuração da altura de árvores em plantio florestalMediçãoPrecisãoEstimativaMeasurementPrecisionEstimationThe present work had as objective to evaluate the accuracy of applications, smartphones and measurers in inferring the total height in a planted forest. Thirty trees were randomly selected, measured in a Tectona grandis stand, by three applications (Measure height, Two point height and Hypsometer), three smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 and J7) and three measurers. The trees were logged and their real heights were obtained with a tape measure. To assess accuracy, a t-test for independent samples was performed, after verification of homogeneity of variances by Bartlett's test and normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, all at 95% confidence levels. In addition, graphical analysis of residues was performed, as well as complementary statistics (bias, mean of absolute differences, standard deviation of differences and root of mean square error). We concluded that depending on the application used, there are smartphones that are not indicate for height measurement. The best-performing application is the Hypsometer. Galaxy S6 smartphone presented the best estimate, preferably for the Two point height application. The measurer experience was confirmed as essential requirement in height estimation using applications and smartphones.O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a exatidão de aplicativos, smartphones e mensuradores, na inferência da altura total em um plantio florestal. Foram selecionadas, aleatoriamente, 30 árvores em um plantio de Tectona grandis, sendo elas mensuradas por três aplicativos (Measure height, Two point height e Hypsometer), três smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 e J7) e por três mensuradores. Posteriormente, as árvores foram abatidas, sendo obtidas suas alturas reais com auxílio de uma trena. Para avaliar a precisão, foi realizado teste t para amostras independentes, após verificação de homogeneidade de variâncias pelo teste de Bartlett e normalidade pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, todos a 95% de confiança. Adicionalmente, foi realizada análise gráfica de resíduos, bem como estatísticas complementares (viés, média das diferenças absolutas, desvio padrão das diferenças e raiz do erro quadrático médio). Conclui-se que, dependendo do aplicativo utilizado, há smartphones que não são indicados para mensuração de altura. O aplicativo de melhor desempenho foi o Hypsometer. E o smartphone Galaxy S6 apresentou melhor estimativa, preferencialmente para o aplicativo Two point height. A experiência do mensurador confirma-se como requisito fundamental na estimativa da altura, utilizando aplicativos e smartphones.Embrapa Florestas2022-12-14info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/octet-streamhttps://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/211310.4336/2022.pfb.42e202002113Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira; v. 42 (2022)Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira; Vol. 42 (2022)1983-26051809-3647reponame:Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPAporhttps://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/2113/1665Copyright (c) 2022 Rafaella De Angeli Curto, Mônica Ferreira Pinto, Charlote Wink, Emanuel José Gomes de Araújo, Sintia Valerio Kohlerhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCurto, Rafaella De AngeliPinto, Mônica FerreiraWink, CharloteAraújo, Emanuel José Gomes deKohler, Sintia Valerio2022-12-14T14:46:53Zoai:pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb:article/2113Revistahttps://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/PUBhttps://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/oaipfb@embrapa.br || revista.pfb@gmail.com || patricia.mattos@embrapa.br1983-26051809-3647opendoar:2022-12-14T14:46:53Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest Aplicativos e smartphones para mensuração da altura de árvores em plantio florestal |
title |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
spellingShingle |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest Curto, Rafaella De Angeli Medição Precisão Estimativa Measurement Precision Estimation |
title_short |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
title_full |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
title_fullStr |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
title_full_unstemmed |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
title_sort |
Applications and smartphones for measuring the height of trees in planted forest |
author |
Curto, Rafaella De Angeli |
author_facet |
Curto, Rafaella De Angeli Pinto, Mônica Ferreira Wink, Charlote Araújo, Emanuel José Gomes de Kohler, Sintia Valerio |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pinto, Mônica Ferreira Wink, Charlote Araújo, Emanuel José Gomes de Kohler, Sintia Valerio |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Curto, Rafaella De Angeli Pinto, Mônica Ferreira Wink, Charlote Araújo, Emanuel José Gomes de Kohler, Sintia Valerio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Medição Precisão Estimativa Measurement Precision Estimation |
topic |
Medição Precisão Estimativa Measurement Precision Estimation |
description |
The present work had as objective to evaluate the accuracy of applications, smartphones and measurers in inferring the total height in a planted forest. Thirty trees were randomly selected, measured in a Tectona grandis stand, by three applications (Measure height, Two point height and Hypsometer), three smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 and J7) and three measurers. The trees were logged and their real heights were obtained with a tape measure. To assess accuracy, a t-test for independent samples was performed, after verification of homogeneity of variances by Bartlett's test and normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, all at 95% confidence levels. In addition, graphical analysis of residues was performed, as well as complementary statistics (bias, mean of absolute differences, standard deviation of differences and root of mean square error). We concluded that depending on the application used, there are smartphones that are not indicate for height measurement. The best-performing application is the Hypsometer. Galaxy S6 smartphone presented the best estimate, preferably for the Two point height application. The measurer experience was confirmed as essential requirement in height estimation using applications and smartphones. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-12-14 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/2113 10.4336/2022.pfb.42e202002113 |
url |
https://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/2113 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.4336/2022.pfb.42e202002113 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/2113/1665 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/octet-stream |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Embrapa Florestas |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Embrapa Florestas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira; v. 42 (2022) Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira; Vol. 42 (2022) 1983-2605 1809-3647 reponame:Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
instacron_str |
EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) |
collection |
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira (Online) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
pfb@embrapa.br || revista.pfb@gmail.com || patricia.mattos@embrapa.br |
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1783370937227280384 |