Water supply of Swietenia macrophylla King and Carapa guianensis Aubl. in three plantation systems.

• Autor(a) principal: DUNISCH, O.
• Data de Publicação: 1999
• Outros Autores: SCHROTH, G., MORAIS, R. M., EMBREICH, M.
• Tipo de documento: Capítulo de livro
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)
• Texto Completo: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/668422
• topic: Arvore produtora de madeira; Cultivo; Transpiracao; Brasil; Amazonas; Manaus; Tropical rain forest; Sustainability; Água; Andiroba; Árvore Florestal; Balanço Hídrico; Carapa Guianensis; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Essência Florestal; Evaporação; Floresta Tropical Úmida; Mogno; Swietenia Macrophylla; forest trees; evaporation; transpiration; woody plants; water; water balance

The following investigations were initiated by the increasing demand for the development of sustainable landuse systems in the Central Amazon, including high quality timber production. Mixed plantations are able to reduce the strong exploitation of hig quality timber trees in primary forests in this region. In order to develop sustainable plantation systems, knowledge on the site demands of the tree species is necessary. Especially the seasonal variation of the water supply of the Central Amazon influences tree growth and wood formation in plantation systems. Therefore, the water supply of the importante commercial timber trees Swietenia macrophylla King and Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae) was studied in three different plantation systems (monoculture system, mixed culture system, enrichment system established in 19992/1993) near Manaus, Brazil. From these investigations, it was concluded that Carapa is more adapted to overcome water stress during drier periods compared to the monoculture and the mixed culture system, which indicates that a well-planned management fur sustainable timber production in plantations is necessary. The reduced water uptake of Swietenia in the enrichment system III, in spite of the improved soil water supply, indicates a higher sensitivity of Swietenia to competition compared to Carapa in this system, especially during drier periods.