Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
Texto Completo: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1046806 |
Resumo: | The complex three-dimensional (3-D) structure of tropical forests generates a diversity of light environments for canopy and understory trees. Understanding diurnal and seasonal changes in light availability is critical for interpreting measurements of net ecosystem exchange and improving ecosystem models. Here, we used the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) model to simulate leaf absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (lAPAR) for an Amazon forest. The 3-D model scene was developed from airborne lidar data, and local measurements of leaf reflectance, aerosols, and PAR were used to model lAPAR under direct and diffuse illumination conditions. Simulated lAPAR under clear-sky and cloudy conditions was corrected for light saturation effects to estimate light utilization, the fraction of lAPAR available for photosynthesis. Although the fraction of incoming PAR absorbed by leaves was consistent throughout the year (0.80?0.82), light utilization varied seasonally (0.67?0.74), with minimum values during the Amazon dry season. Shadowing and light saturation effects moderated potential gains in forest productivity from increasing PAR during dry-season months when the diffuse fraction from clouds and aerosols was low. Comparisons between DART and other models highlighted the role of 3-D forest structure to account for seasonal changes in light utilization. Our findings highlight how directional illumination and forest 3-D structure combine to influence diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization, independent of further changes in leaf area, leaf age, or environmental controls on canopy photosynthesis. Changing illumination geometry constitutes an alternative biophysical explanation for observed seasonality in Amazon forest productivity without changes in canopy phenology. |
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Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization.Tropical forestsThe complex three-dimensional (3-D) structure of tropical forests generates a diversity of light environments for canopy and understory trees. Understanding diurnal and seasonal changes in light availability is critical for interpreting measurements of net ecosystem exchange and improving ecosystem models. Here, we used the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) model to simulate leaf absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (lAPAR) for an Amazon forest. The 3-D model scene was developed from airborne lidar data, and local measurements of leaf reflectance, aerosols, and PAR were used to model lAPAR under direct and diffuse illumination conditions. Simulated lAPAR under clear-sky and cloudy conditions was corrected for light saturation effects to estimate light utilization, the fraction of lAPAR available for photosynthesis. Although the fraction of incoming PAR absorbed by leaves was consistent throughout the year (0.80?0.82), light utilization varied seasonally (0.67?0.74), with minimum values during the Amazon dry season. Shadowing and light saturation effects moderated potential gains in forest productivity from increasing PAR during dry-season months when the diffuse fraction from clouds and aerosols was low. Comparisons between DART and other models highlighted the role of 3-D forest structure to account for seasonal changes in light utilization. Our findings highlight how directional illumination and forest 3-D structure combine to influence diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization, independent of further changes in leaf area, leaf age, or environmental controls on canopy photosynthesis. Changing illumination geometry constitutes an alternative biophysical explanation for observed seasonality in Amazon forest productivity without changes in canopy phenology.DOUGLAS C. MORTON, NASA; JEREMY RUBIO, NASA - Université de Toulouse; BRUCE D. COOK, NASA; JEAN-PHILIPPE GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, Université de Toulouse; MARCOS LONGO, BOLSISTA CNPM; HYEUNGU CHOI, Global Science & Technology Inc.; MARIA HUNTER, University of New Hampshire; MICHAEL KELLER, USDA Forest Service/ Pesquisador visitante CNPM.MORTON, D. C.RUBIO, J.COOK, B. D.GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, J-PLONGO, M.CHOI, H.HUNTER, M.KELLER, M.2016-06-10T11:11:11Z2016-06-10T11:11:11Z2016-06-1020162016-06-13T11:11:11Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleBiogeosciences, v. 13, p. 2195?2206, 2016.http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/104680610.5194/bg-13-2195-2016porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPA2017-08-16T02:36:27Zoai:www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br:doc/1046806Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestopendoar:21542017-08-16T02:36:27falseRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestcg-riaa@embrapa.bropendoar:21542017-08-16T02:36:27Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
title |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
spellingShingle |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. MORTON, D. C. Tropical forests |
title_short |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
title_full |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
title_fullStr |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
title_sort |
Amazon forest structure generates diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization. |
author |
MORTON, D. C. |
author_facet |
MORTON, D. C. RUBIO, J. COOK, B. D. GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, J-P LONGO, M. CHOI, H. HUNTER, M. KELLER, M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
RUBIO, J. COOK, B. D. GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, J-P LONGO, M. CHOI, H. HUNTER, M. KELLER, M. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
DOUGLAS C. MORTON, NASA; JEREMY RUBIO, NASA - Université de Toulouse; BRUCE D. COOK, NASA; JEAN-PHILIPPE GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, Université de Toulouse; MARCOS LONGO, BOLSISTA CNPM; HYEUNGU CHOI, Global Science & Technology Inc.; MARIA HUNTER, University of New Hampshire; MICHAEL KELLER, USDA Forest Service/ Pesquisador visitante CNPM. |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
MORTON, D. C. RUBIO, J. COOK, B. D. GASTELLU-ETCHEGORRY, J-P LONGO, M. CHOI, H. HUNTER, M. KELLER, M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tropical forests |
topic |
Tropical forests |
description |
The complex three-dimensional (3-D) structure of tropical forests generates a diversity of light environments for canopy and understory trees. Understanding diurnal and seasonal changes in light availability is critical for interpreting measurements of net ecosystem exchange and improving ecosystem models. Here, we used the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) model to simulate leaf absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (lAPAR) for an Amazon forest. The 3-D model scene was developed from airborne lidar data, and local measurements of leaf reflectance, aerosols, and PAR were used to model lAPAR under direct and diffuse illumination conditions. Simulated lAPAR under clear-sky and cloudy conditions was corrected for light saturation effects to estimate light utilization, the fraction of lAPAR available for photosynthesis. Although the fraction of incoming PAR absorbed by leaves was consistent throughout the year (0.80?0.82), light utilization varied seasonally (0.67?0.74), with minimum values during the Amazon dry season. Shadowing and light saturation effects moderated potential gains in forest productivity from increasing PAR during dry-season months when the diffuse fraction from clouds and aerosols was low. Comparisons between DART and other models highlighted the role of 3-D forest structure to account for seasonal changes in light utilization. Our findings highlight how directional illumination and forest 3-D structure combine to influence diurnal and seasonal variability in light utilization, independent of further changes in leaf area, leaf age, or environmental controls on canopy photosynthesis. Changing illumination geometry constitutes an alternative biophysical explanation for observed seasonality in Amazon forest productivity without changes in canopy phenology. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-10T11:11:11Z 2016-06-10T11:11:11Z 2016-06-10 2016 2016-06-13T11:11:11Z |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Biogeosciences, v. 13, p. 2195?2206, 2016. http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1046806 10.5194/bg-13-2195-2016 |
identifier_str_mv |
Biogeosciences, v. 13, p. 2195?2206, 2016. 10.5194/bg-13-2195-2016 |
url |
http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1046806 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
instacron_str |
EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cg-riaa@embrapa.br |
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1794503422779588608 |