Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
Texto Completo: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/880672 |
Resumo: | Throughout the Amazon of Brazil, manioc (Manihot esculenta) is a staple crop produced through slash-and-burn agriculture. Nutrient losses during slash-and-burn can be large and nutrient demand by food crops so great that ?elds are often abandoned after two years. In recent decades, farmers have reduced the fallow phase from 20 to *5 years, limiting plant nutrient accumulation to sustain crop yields. Improved fallows through simultaneous planting of trees with food crops may accelerate nutrient re-accumulation. In addition, slash-and-mulch technology may prevent loss of nutrients due to burning and mulch decomposition may serve as a slow-release source of nutrients. This study in Para´, Brazil, in a 7-year-old secondary forest following slashing and mulching of the vegetation, involved two main plot treatments (with and without P and K fertilizers) and two sub-plot treatments (with or without a N2-?xer Inga edulis). A mixed-culture of trees and manioc was planted in all plots. P and K fertilizer increased tree mortality due to weed competition but growth of surviving trees in four of the ?ve tree species tested also increased as did biomass production of manioc. In the N2-?xer treatment trends of greater growth and survival of four of ?ve tree species and manioc biomass were also observed. Fertilization increased the biomass of competing vegetation, but there was a fertilizer by N2 -?xer interaction as I. edulis caused a reduction in competing biomass in the fertilized treatment. After one year, fertilization increased decomposition of the mulch such that Ca, Mg, and N contents within the mulch all decreased. In contrast, P and K contents of mulch increased in all treatments. No in?uence of the N2 -?xer on 0?10 cm soil N contents was observed. Two years after establishment, this agroforestry system succeeded in growing a manioc crop and leaving a well-maintained tree fallow after the crop harvest. |
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Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses.Manihot esculenta CrantzTipitambaMandiocaThroughout the Amazon of Brazil, manioc (Manihot esculenta) is a staple crop produced through slash-and-burn agriculture. Nutrient losses during slash-and-burn can be large and nutrient demand by food crops so great that ?elds are often abandoned after two years. In recent decades, farmers have reduced the fallow phase from 20 to *5 years, limiting plant nutrient accumulation to sustain crop yields. Improved fallows through simultaneous planting of trees with food crops may accelerate nutrient re-accumulation. In addition, slash-and-mulch technology may prevent loss of nutrients due to burning and mulch decomposition may serve as a slow-release source of nutrients. This study in Para´, Brazil, in a 7-year-old secondary forest following slashing and mulching of the vegetation, involved two main plot treatments (with and without P and K fertilizers) and two sub-plot treatments (with or without a N2-?xer Inga edulis). A mixed-culture of trees and manioc was planted in all plots. P and K fertilizer increased tree mortality due to weed competition but growth of surviving trees in four of the ?ve tree species tested also increased as did biomass production of manioc. In the N2-?xer treatment trends of greater growth and survival of four of ?ve tree species and manioc biomass were also observed. Fertilization increased the biomass of competing vegetation, but there was a fertilizer by N2 -?xer interaction as I. edulis caused a reduction in competing biomass in the fertilized treatment. After one year, fertilization increased decomposition of the mulch such that Ca, Mg, and N contents within the mulch all decreased. In contrast, P and K contents of mulch increased in all treatments. No in?uence of the N2 -?xer on 0?10 cm soil N contents was observed. Two years after establishment, this agroforestry system succeeded in growing a manioc crop and leaving a well-maintained tree fallow after the crop harvest.ARON H. JOSLIN, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; DANIEL MARKEWITZ, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; LAWRENCE A. MORRIS, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; FRANCISCO DE ASSIS OLIVEIRA, UFRA; RICARDO DE OLIVEIRA FIGUEIREDO, CPATU; OSVALDO RYOHEI KATO, CPATU.JOSLIN, A. H.MARKEWITZ, D.MORRIS, L. A.OLIVEIRA, F. de A.FIGUEIREDO, R. de O.KATO, O. R.2011-04-10T11:11:11Z2011-04-10T11:11:11Z2011-03-1420112015-04-08T11:11:11Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleAgroforestry Systems, v. 81, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2011.http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/88067210.1007/s10457-010-9356-1enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPA2017-08-16T02:04:08Zoai:www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br:doc/880672Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestopendoar:21542017-08-16T02:04:08falseRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestcg-riaa@embrapa.bropendoar:21542017-08-16T02:04:08Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
title |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
spellingShingle |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. JOSLIN, A. H. Manihot esculenta Crantz Tipitamba Mandioca |
title_short |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
title_full |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
title_fullStr |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
title_sort |
Five native tree species and manioc under slash-and-mulch agroforestry in the eastern Amazon of Brazil: plant growth and soil responses. |
author |
JOSLIN, A. H. |
author_facet |
JOSLIN, A. H. MARKEWITZ, D. MORRIS, L. A. OLIVEIRA, F. de A. FIGUEIREDO, R. de O. KATO, O. R. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
MARKEWITZ, D. MORRIS, L. A. OLIVEIRA, F. de A. FIGUEIREDO, R. de O. KATO, O. R. |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
ARON H. JOSLIN, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; DANIEL MARKEWITZ, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; LAWRENCE A. MORRIS, Warnell School of Forest and Natural Resources; FRANCISCO DE ASSIS OLIVEIRA, UFRA; RICARDO DE OLIVEIRA FIGUEIREDO, CPATU; OSVALDO RYOHEI KATO, CPATU. |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
JOSLIN, A. H. MARKEWITZ, D. MORRIS, L. A. OLIVEIRA, F. de A. FIGUEIREDO, R. de O. KATO, O. R. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Manihot esculenta Crantz Tipitamba Mandioca |
topic |
Manihot esculenta Crantz Tipitamba Mandioca |
description |
Throughout the Amazon of Brazil, manioc (Manihot esculenta) is a staple crop produced through slash-and-burn agriculture. Nutrient losses during slash-and-burn can be large and nutrient demand by food crops so great that ?elds are often abandoned after two years. In recent decades, farmers have reduced the fallow phase from 20 to *5 years, limiting plant nutrient accumulation to sustain crop yields. Improved fallows through simultaneous planting of trees with food crops may accelerate nutrient re-accumulation. In addition, slash-and-mulch technology may prevent loss of nutrients due to burning and mulch decomposition may serve as a slow-release source of nutrients. This study in Para´, Brazil, in a 7-year-old secondary forest following slashing and mulching of the vegetation, involved two main plot treatments (with and without P and K fertilizers) and two sub-plot treatments (with or without a N2-?xer Inga edulis). A mixed-culture of trees and manioc was planted in all plots. P and K fertilizer increased tree mortality due to weed competition but growth of surviving trees in four of the ?ve tree species tested also increased as did biomass production of manioc. In the N2-?xer treatment trends of greater growth and survival of four of ?ve tree species and manioc biomass were also observed. Fertilization increased the biomass of competing vegetation, but there was a fertilizer by N2 -?xer interaction as I. edulis caused a reduction in competing biomass in the fertilized treatment. After one year, fertilization increased decomposition of the mulch such that Ca, Mg, and N contents within the mulch all decreased. In contrast, P and K contents of mulch increased in all treatments. No in?uence of the N2 -?xer on 0?10 cm soil N contents was observed. Two years after establishment, this agroforestry system succeeded in growing a manioc crop and leaving a well-maintained tree fallow after the crop harvest. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-04-10T11:11:11Z 2011-04-10T11:11:11Z 2011-03-14 2011 2015-04-08T11:11:11Z |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Agroforestry Systems, v. 81, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2011. http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/880672 10.1007/s10457-010-9356-1 |
identifier_str_mv |
Agroforestry Systems, v. 81, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2011. 10.1007/s10457-010-9356-1 |
url |
http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/880672 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
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EMBRAPA |
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EMBRAPA |
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Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
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Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
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Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cg-riaa@embrapa.br |
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1794503338812768256 |