Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
Texto Completo: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1152106 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30088-y |
Resumo: | The objective of this study was to evaluate blood cells and metabolites, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), digestibility, internal organs weight and histology, gene expression, and spleen cell proliferation of pre-weaned bull calves supplemented with a blend of essential oils in milk replacer (MR). Sixteen newborn Holstein?×?Gyr crossbred dairy bull calves, with body weight at birth of 33.3?±?3.7 kg, were housed in individual sand bedded pens, blocked by genetic composition, and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized complete block design: Control (CON, n?=?8) and blend of essential oils supplementation (BEO, n?=?8, 1 g/day/calf, Apex Calf, Adisseo, China). The commercial blend was composed by plant extracts derived from anise, cinnamon, garlic, rosemary, and thyme. Animals were fed 5 L of MR/day reconstituted at 15% (dry matter basis), divided into two equal meals. Water and starter were provided ad libitum. ß-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose were evaluated weekly, IGF-1 was evaluated biweekly, and total blood cell count was performed every four weeks until the end of the trial at eight weeks of age. Feed samples were collected three times a week and polled for weekly analysis. Apparent total nutrient digestibility was determined from d 56 to 60 of age. On d 60?±?1, animals were euthanized for organ weight, histology, spleen cell proliferation, and intestinal gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed independently using linear mixed models using the REML method in the nlme package in R for continuous outcomes. A non-parametric test was used for ordered categorical outcomes using the Artools package in R. There were no differences between groups for blood evaluations, digestibility, gene expression, and a spleen cell proliferation assay. However, BEO calves presented a heavier pancreas, heavier intestines, bigger ileum villi, and higher cecum butyrate levels (P?<?0.05), demonstrating that the EO supplementation helped intestinal development and symbiotic bacteria. It was also observed in CON animals? heavier respiratory tract and a higher eosinophil count (P?<?0.05). Therefore, the organs where eosinophils are more active had a better response for BEO animals. No differences were found in the intestinal gene expression in the immune context. These results demonstrate that supplementing essential oils in MR could contribute to gut development and immune function. However, more research is needed to understand its impact on body development and define the best dosage and route of administration. |
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Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves.Expressão gênicaMetabólitoCélulas do baçoGado LeiteiroBezerro LeiteiroFator de CrescimentoDigestibilidadePesoCélula SangüíneaThe objective of this study was to evaluate blood cells and metabolites, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), digestibility, internal organs weight and histology, gene expression, and spleen cell proliferation of pre-weaned bull calves supplemented with a blend of essential oils in milk replacer (MR). Sixteen newborn Holstein?×?Gyr crossbred dairy bull calves, with body weight at birth of 33.3?±?3.7 kg, were housed in individual sand bedded pens, blocked by genetic composition, and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized complete block design: Control (CON, n?=?8) and blend of essential oils supplementation (BEO, n?=?8, 1 g/day/calf, Apex Calf, Adisseo, China). The commercial blend was composed by plant extracts derived from anise, cinnamon, garlic, rosemary, and thyme. Animals were fed 5 L of MR/day reconstituted at 15% (dry matter basis), divided into two equal meals. Water and starter were provided ad libitum. ß-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose were evaluated weekly, IGF-1 was evaluated biweekly, and total blood cell count was performed every four weeks until the end of the trial at eight weeks of age. Feed samples were collected three times a week and polled for weekly analysis. Apparent total nutrient digestibility was determined from d 56 to 60 of age. On d 60?±?1, animals were euthanized for organ weight, histology, spleen cell proliferation, and intestinal gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed independently using linear mixed models using the REML method in the nlme package in R for continuous outcomes. A non-parametric test was used for ordered categorical outcomes using the Artools package in R. There were no differences between groups for blood evaluations, digestibility, gene expression, and a spleen cell proliferation assay. However, BEO calves presented a heavier pancreas, heavier intestines, bigger ileum villi, and higher cecum butyrate levels (P?<?0.05), demonstrating that the EO supplementation helped intestinal development and symbiotic bacteria. It was also observed in CON animals? heavier respiratory tract and a higher eosinophil count (P?<?0.05). Therefore, the organs where eosinophils are more active had a better response for BEO animals. No differences were found in the intestinal gene expression in the immune context. These results demonstrate that supplementing essential oils in MR could contribute to gut development and immune function. However, more research is needed to understand its impact on body development and define the best dosage and route of administration.JOANA P. CAMPOLINA, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; SANDRA GESTEIRA COELHO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; ANNA LUIZA BELLI, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; LUIZ F. MARTINS NEVES, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; FERNANDA SAMARINI MACHADO, CNPGL; LUIZ GUSTAVO RIBEIRO PEREIRA, CNPGL; THIERRY RIBEIRO TOMICH, CNPGL; WANESSA ARAUJO CARVALHO, CNPGL; RAQUEL M. P. DAIBERT; DANIELE RIBEIRO DE LIMA REIS FAZA, CNPGL; SUELY F. COSTA, Universidade Federal de Lavras; ALESSANDRA L. VOORSLUYS, Adisseo; DAVID V. JACOB, Adisseo; MARIANA MAGALHAES CAMPOS, CNPGL.CAMPOLINA, J. P.COELHO, S. G.BELLI, A. L.NEVES, L. F. M.MACHADO, F. S.PEREIRA, L. G. R.TOMICH, T. R.CARVALHO, W. A.DAIBERT, R. M. P.REIS, D. R. de L.COSTA, S. F.VOORSLUYS, A. L.JACOB, D. V.CAMPOS, M. M.2023-03-06T13:57:59Z2023-03-06T13:57:59Z2023-03-062023info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleScientific Reports, v. 13, article 3378, 2023.http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1152106https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30088-yenginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPA2023-03-06T13:57:59Zoai:www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br:doc/1152106Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestopendoar:21542023-03-06T13:57:59falseRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestcg-riaa@embrapa.bropendoar:21542023-03-06T13:57:59Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
title |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
spellingShingle |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. CAMPOLINA, J. P. Expressão gênica Metabólito Células do baço Gado Leiteiro Bezerro Leiteiro Fator de Crescimento Digestibilidade Peso Célula Sangüínea |
title_short |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
title_full |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
title_fullStr |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
title_sort |
Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves. |
author |
CAMPOLINA, J. P. |
author_facet |
CAMPOLINA, J. P. COELHO, S. G. BELLI, A. L. NEVES, L. F. M. MACHADO, F. S. PEREIRA, L. G. R. TOMICH, T. R. CARVALHO, W. A. DAIBERT, R. M. P. REIS, D. R. de L. COSTA, S. F. VOORSLUYS, A. L. JACOB, D. V. CAMPOS, M. M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
COELHO, S. G. BELLI, A. L. NEVES, L. F. M. MACHADO, F. S. PEREIRA, L. G. R. TOMICH, T. R. CARVALHO, W. A. DAIBERT, R. M. P. REIS, D. R. de L. COSTA, S. F. VOORSLUYS, A. L. JACOB, D. V. CAMPOS, M. M. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
JOANA P. CAMPOLINA, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; SANDRA GESTEIRA COELHO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; ANNA LUIZA BELLI, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; LUIZ F. MARTINS NEVES, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; FERNANDA SAMARINI MACHADO, CNPGL; LUIZ GUSTAVO RIBEIRO PEREIRA, CNPGL; THIERRY RIBEIRO TOMICH, CNPGL; WANESSA ARAUJO CARVALHO, CNPGL; RAQUEL M. P. DAIBERT; DANIELE RIBEIRO DE LIMA REIS FAZA, CNPGL; SUELY F. COSTA, Universidade Federal de Lavras; ALESSANDRA L. VOORSLUYS, Adisseo; DAVID V. JACOB, Adisseo; MARIANA MAGALHAES CAMPOS, CNPGL. |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
CAMPOLINA, J. P. COELHO, S. G. BELLI, A. L. NEVES, L. F. M. MACHADO, F. S. PEREIRA, L. G. R. TOMICH, T. R. CARVALHO, W. A. DAIBERT, R. M. P. REIS, D. R. de L. COSTA, S. F. VOORSLUYS, A. L. JACOB, D. V. CAMPOS, M. M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Expressão gênica Metabólito Células do baço Gado Leiteiro Bezerro Leiteiro Fator de Crescimento Digestibilidade Peso Célula Sangüínea |
topic |
Expressão gênica Metabólito Células do baço Gado Leiteiro Bezerro Leiteiro Fator de Crescimento Digestibilidade Peso Célula Sangüínea |
description |
The objective of this study was to evaluate blood cells and metabolites, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), digestibility, internal organs weight and histology, gene expression, and spleen cell proliferation of pre-weaned bull calves supplemented with a blend of essential oils in milk replacer (MR). Sixteen newborn Holstein?×?Gyr crossbred dairy bull calves, with body weight at birth of 33.3?±?3.7 kg, were housed in individual sand bedded pens, blocked by genetic composition, and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized complete block design: Control (CON, n?=?8) and blend of essential oils supplementation (BEO, n?=?8, 1 g/day/calf, Apex Calf, Adisseo, China). The commercial blend was composed by plant extracts derived from anise, cinnamon, garlic, rosemary, and thyme. Animals were fed 5 L of MR/day reconstituted at 15% (dry matter basis), divided into two equal meals. Water and starter were provided ad libitum. ß-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose were evaluated weekly, IGF-1 was evaluated biweekly, and total blood cell count was performed every four weeks until the end of the trial at eight weeks of age. Feed samples were collected three times a week and polled for weekly analysis. Apparent total nutrient digestibility was determined from d 56 to 60 of age. On d 60?±?1, animals were euthanized for organ weight, histology, spleen cell proliferation, and intestinal gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed independently using linear mixed models using the REML method in the nlme package in R for continuous outcomes. A non-parametric test was used for ordered categorical outcomes using the Artools package in R. There were no differences between groups for blood evaluations, digestibility, gene expression, and a spleen cell proliferation assay. However, BEO calves presented a heavier pancreas, heavier intestines, bigger ileum villi, and higher cecum butyrate levels (P?<?0.05), demonstrating that the EO supplementation helped intestinal development and symbiotic bacteria. It was also observed in CON animals? heavier respiratory tract and a higher eosinophil count (P?<?0.05). Therefore, the organs where eosinophils are more active had a better response for BEO animals. No differences were found in the intestinal gene expression in the immune context. These results demonstrate that supplementing essential oils in MR could contribute to gut development and immune function. However, more research is needed to understand its impact on body development and define the best dosage and route of administration. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-03-06T13:57:59Z 2023-03-06T13:57:59Z 2023-03-06 2023 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Scientific Reports, v. 13, article 3378, 2023. http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1152106 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30088-y |
identifier_str_mv |
Scientific Reports, v. 13, article 3378, 2023. |
url |
http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1152106 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30088-y |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
instacron_str |
EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cg-riaa@embrapa.br |
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1794503541054767104 |