Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2015 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
Texto Completo: | http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1022899 |
Resumo: | Across the tropics, there is a growing financial investment in activities that aim to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, such as REDD+. However, most tropical countries lack on-the-ground capacity to conduct reliable and replicable assessments of forest carbon stocks, undermining their ability to secure long-term carbon finance for forest conservation programs. Clear guidance on how to reduce the monetary and time costs of field assessments of forest carbon can help tropical countries to overcome this capacity gap. Here we provide such guidance for cost-effective one-off field assessments of forest carbon stocks. We sampled a total of eight components from four different carbon pools (i.e. aboveground, dead wood, litter and soil) in 224 study plots distributed across two regions of eastern Amazon. For each component we estimated survey costs, contribution to total forest carbon stocks and sensitivity to disturbance. Sampling costs varied thirty-one-fold between the most expensive component, soil, and the least, leaf litter. Large live stems (10 cm DBH), which represented only 15% of the overall sampling costs, was by far the most important component to be assessed, as it stores the largest amount of carbon and is highly sensitive to disturbance. If large stems are not taxonomically identified, costs can be reduced by a further 51%, while incurring an error in aboveground carbon estimates of only 5% in primary forests, but 31% in secondary forests. For rapid assessments, necessary to help prioritize locations for carbon- conservation activities, sampling of stems 20cm DBH without taxonomic identification can predict with confidence (R 2 = 0.85) whether an area is relatively carbon-rich or carbon-poor ? an approach that is 74% cheaper than sampling and identifying all the stems 10cm DBH. We use these results to evaluate the reliability of forest carbon stock estimates provided by the IPCC and FAO when applied to human-modified forests, and to highlight areas where cost savings in carbon stock assessments could be most easily made. |
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Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests.Estoque de carbonoFloresta TropicalAcross the tropics, there is a growing financial investment in activities that aim to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, such as REDD+. However, most tropical countries lack on-the-ground capacity to conduct reliable and replicable assessments of forest carbon stocks, undermining their ability to secure long-term carbon finance for forest conservation programs. Clear guidance on how to reduce the monetary and time costs of field assessments of forest carbon can help tropical countries to overcome this capacity gap. Here we provide such guidance for cost-effective one-off field assessments of forest carbon stocks. We sampled a total of eight components from four different carbon pools (i.e. aboveground, dead wood, litter and soil) in 224 study plots distributed across two regions of eastern Amazon. For each component we estimated survey costs, contribution to total forest carbon stocks and sensitivity to disturbance. Sampling costs varied thirty-one-fold between the most expensive component, soil, and the least, leaf litter. Large live stems (10 cm DBH), which represented only 15% of the overall sampling costs, was by far the most important component to be assessed, as it stores the largest amount of carbon and is highly sensitive to disturbance. If large stems are not taxonomically identified, costs can be reduced by a further 51%, while incurring an error in aboveground carbon estimates of only 5% in primary forests, but 31% in secondary forests. For rapid assessments, necessary to help prioritize locations for carbon- conservation activities, sampling of stems 20cm DBH without taxonomic identification can predict with confidence (R 2 = 0.85) whether an area is relatively carbon-rich or carbon-poor ? an approach that is 74% cheaper than sampling and identifying all the stems 10cm DBH. We use these results to evaluate the reliability of forest carbon stock estimates provided by the IPCC and FAO when applied to human-modified forests, and to highlight areas where cost savings in carbon stock assessments could be most easily made.Erika Berenguer, Lancaster University; Toby A. Gardner, Stockholm Environment Institute / International Institute for Sustainability; JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU; Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, University of Exeter / INPE; Plínio B. Camargo, CENA/USP; Carlos E. Cerri, ESALQ/USP; Mariana Durigan, ESALQ/USP; RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU; Ima C. G. Vieira, MPEG; Jos Barlow, Lancaster University / MPEG.BERENGUER, E.GARDNER, T. A.FERREIRA, J.ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C.CAMARGO, P. B.CERRI, C. E.DURIGAN, M.OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C.VIEIRA, I. C. G.BARLOW, J.2015-08-28T11:11:11Z2015-08-28T11:11:11Z2015-08-2820152016-01-27T11:11:11Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlePlos One, v. 10, n. 8, e0133139, 2015.http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/102289910.1371/journal.pone.0133139enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)instacron:EMBRAPA2017-08-16T02:33:49Zoai:www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br:doc/1022899Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestopendoar:21542017-08-16T02:33:49falseRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/oai/requestcg-riaa@embrapa.bropendoar:21542017-08-16T02:33:49Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
title |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
spellingShingle |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. BERENGUER, E. Estoque de carbono Floresta Tropical |
title_short |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
title_full |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
title_fullStr |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
title_sort |
Developing cost-effective field assessments of carbon stocks in human-modified tropical forests. |
author |
BERENGUER, E. |
author_facet |
BERENGUER, E. GARDNER, T. A. FERREIRA, J. ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C. CAMARGO, P. B. CERRI, C. E. DURIGAN, M. OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. VIEIRA, I. C. G. BARLOW, J. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
GARDNER, T. A. FERREIRA, J. ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C. CAMARGO, P. B. CERRI, C. E. DURIGAN, M. OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. VIEIRA, I. C. G. BARLOW, J. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Erika Berenguer, Lancaster University; Toby A. Gardner, Stockholm Environment Institute / International Institute for Sustainability; JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU; Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, University of Exeter / INPE; Plínio B. Camargo, CENA/USP; Carlos E. Cerri, ESALQ/USP; Mariana Durigan, ESALQ/USP; RAIMUNDO COSME DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, CPATU; Ima C. G. Vieira, MPEG; Jos Barlow, Lancaster University / MPEG. |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
BERENGUER, E. GARDNER, T. A. FERREIRA, J. ARAGÃO, L. E. O. C. CAMARGO, P. B. CERRI, C. E. DURIGAN, M. OLIVEIRA JUNIOR, R. C. VIEIRA, I. C. G. BARLOW, J. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Estoque de carbono Floresta Tropical |
topic |
Estoque de carbono Floresta Tropical |
description |
Across the tropics, there is a growing financial investment in activities that aim to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, such as REDD+. However, most tropical countries lack on-the-ground capacity to conduct reliable and replicable assessments of forest carbon stocks, undermining their ability to secure long-term carbon finance for forest conservation programs. Clear guidance on how to reduce the monetary and time costs of field assessments of forest carbon can help tropical countries to overcome this capacity gap. Here we provide such guidance for cost-effective one-off field assessments of forest carbon stocks. We sampled a total of eight components from four different carbon pools (i.e. aboveground, dead wood, litter and soil) in 224 study plots distributed across two regions of eastern Amazon. For each component we estimated survey costs, contribution to total forest carbon stocks and sensitivity to disturbance. Sampling costs varied thirty-one-fold between the most expensive component, soil, and the least, leaf litter. Large live stems (10 cm DBH), which represented only 15% of the overall sampling costs, was by far the most important component to be assessed, as it stores the largest amount of carbon and is highly sensitive to disturbance. If large stems are not taxonomically identified, costs can be reduced by a further 51%, while incurring an error in aboveground carbon estimates of only 5% in primary forests, but 31% in secondary forests. For rapid assessments, necessary to help prioritize locations for carbon- conservation activities, sampling of stems 20cm DBH without taxonomic identification can predict with confidence (R 2 = 0.85) whether an area is relatively carbon-rich or carbon-poor ? an approach that is 74% cheaper than sampling and identifying all the stems 10cm DBH. We use these results to evaluate the reliability of forest carbon stock estimates provided by the IPCC and FAO when applied to human-modified forests, and to highlight areas where cost savings in carbon stock assessments could be most easily made. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2015-08-28T11:11:11Z 2015-08-28T11:11:11Z 2015-08-28 2015 2016-01-27T11:11:11Z |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Plos One, v. 10, n. 8, e0133139, 2015. http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1022899 10.1371/journal.pone.0133139 |
identifier_str_mv |
Plos One, v. 10, n. 8, e0133139, 2015. 10.1371/journal.pone.0133139 |
url |
http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1022899 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) instname:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) instacron:EMBRAPA |
instname_str |
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
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EMBRAPA |
institution |
EMBRAPA |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice) - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
cg-riaa@embrapa.br |
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1794503410296291328 |