Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Alves, Thiago Winkler
Data de Publicação: 2014
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11994
Resumo: Aiming at empirical findings, this work focuses on applying the HEAVY model for daily volatility with financial data from the Brazilian market. Quite similar to GARCH, this model seeks to harness high frequency data in order to achieve its objectives. Four variations of it were then implemented and their fit compared to GARCH equivalents, using metrics present in the literature. Results suggest that, in such a market, HEAVY does seem to specify daily volatility better, but not necessarily produces better predictions for it, what is, normally, the ultimate goal. The dataset used in this work consists of intraday trades of U.S. Dollar and Ibovespa future contracts from BM&FBovespa.
id FGV_1266d220df6bcf1bbdf2283f543e8bae
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:10438/11994
network_acronym_str FGV
network_name_str Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
repository_id_str 3974
spelling Alves, Thiago WinklerEscolas::EESPMarques, Alessandro MartimTakada, Hellinton HatsuoRuilova Terán, Juan Carlos2014-09-04T13:51:17Z2014-09-04T13:51:17Z2014-08-06ALVES, Thiago Winkler. Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Finanças e Economia) - FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas, São Paulo, 2014.http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11994Aiming at empirical findings, this work focuses on applying the HEAVY model for daily volatility with financial data from the Brazilian market. Quite similar to GARCH, this model seeks to harness high frequency data in order to achieve its objectives. Four variations of it were then implemented and their fit compared to GARCH equivalents, using metrics present in the literature. Results suggest that, in such a market, HEAVY does seem to specify daily volatility better, but not necessarily produces better predictions for it, what is, normally, the ultimate goal. The dataset used in this work consists of intraday trades of U.S. Dollar and Ibovespa future contracts from BM&FBovespa.Objetivando resultados empíricos, este trabalho tem foco na eaplicação do modelo HEAVY para volatilidade diária com dados financeiros do mercado Brasileiro. Muito similar ao GARCH, este modelo busca explorar dados em alta frequência para atingir seus objetivos. Quatro variações dele foram então implementadas e seus ajustes comparadados a equivalentes GARCH, utilizando métricas presentes na literatura. Os resultados sugerem que, neste mercado, o HEAVY realmente parece especificar melhor a volatilidade diária, mas não necessariamente produz melhores previsões, o que, normalmente, é o objetivo final. A base de dados utilizada neste trabalho consite de negociações intradiárias de contratos futuros de dólares americanos e Ibovespa da BM&FBovespa.engFinancial engineeringVolatility forecastHigh frequency financial dataFutures marketEngenharia financeiraPrevisão de volatilidadeDados financeiros em alta frequênciaEconomiaMercado futuroAnálise de séries temporaisMercado financeiro - Modelos econométricosForecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial datainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisreponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)instname:Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)instacron:FGVinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessORIGINALforecasting-daily-volatility.pdfforecasting-daily-volatility.pdfapplication/pdf885976http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/1/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf30fb655def03c3f3e61bf930b3a3585bMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-84707http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/2/license.txtdfb340242cced38a6cca06c627998fa1MD52TEXTforecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.txtforecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.txtExtracted Texttext/plain112089http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/3/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.txtb7c7e4522a469216e2387ce555bae46bMD53THUMBNAILforecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.jpgforecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1603http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/4/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.jpga1d5a6d2cc8362b0a0b2be8dd115591aMD5410438/119942021-11-04 11:15:31.532oai:bibliotecadigital.fgv.br: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ório InstitucionalPRIhttp://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace-oai/requestopendoar:39742021-11-04T14:15:31Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) - Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)false
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
title Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
spellingShingle Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
Alves, Thiago Winkler
Financial engineering
Volatility forecast
High frequency financial data
Futures market
Engenharia financeira
Previsão de volatilidade
Dados financeiros em alta frequência
Economia
Mercado futuro
Análise de séries temporais
Mercado financeiro - Modelos econométricos
title_short Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
title_full Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
title_fullStr Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
title_full_unstemmed Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
title_sort Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data
author Alves, Thiago Winkler
author_facet Alves, Thiago Winkler
author_role author
dc.contributor.unidadefgv.por.fl_str_mv Escolas::EESP
dc.contributor.member.none.fl_str_mv Marques, Alessandro Martim
Takada, Hellinton Hatsuo
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Alves, Thiago Winkler
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Ruilova Terán, Juan Carlos
contributor_str_mv Ruilova Terán, Juan Carlos
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Financial engineering
Volatility forecast
High frequency financial data
Futures market
topic Financial engineering
Volatility forecast
High frequency financial data
Futures market
Engenharia financeira
Previsão de volatilidade
Dados financeiros em alta frequência
Economia
Mercado futuro
Análise de séries temporais
Mercado financeiro - Modelos econométricos
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Engenharia financeira
Previsão de volatilidade
Dados financeiros em alta frequência
dc.subject.area.por.fl_str_mv Economia
dc.subject.bibliodata.por.fl_str_mv Mercado futuro
Análise de séries temporais
Mercado financeiro - Modelos econométricos
description Aiming at empirical findings, this work focuses on applying the HEAVY model for daily volatility with financial data from the Brazilian market. Quite similar to GARCH, this model seeks to harness high frequency data in order to achieve its objectives. Four variations of it were then implemented and their fit compared to GARCH equivalents, using metrics present in the literature. Results suggest that, in such a market, HEAVY does seem to specify daily volatility better, but not necessarily produces better predictions for it, what is, normally, the ultimate goal. The dataset used in this work consists of intraday trades of U.S. Dollar and Ibovespa future contracts from BM&FBovespa.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2014-09-04T13:51:17Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2014-09-04T13:51:17Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2014-08-06
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv ALVES, Thiago Winkler. Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Finanças e Economia) - FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas, São Paulo, 2014.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11994
identifier_str_mv ALVES, Thiago Winkler. Forecasting daily volatility using high frequency financial data. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Finanças e Economia) - FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas, São Paulo, 2014.
url http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11994
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
instname:Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)
instacron:FGV
instname_str Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)
instacron_str FGV
institution FGV
reponame_str Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
collection Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital)
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/1/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf
http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/2/license.txt
http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/3/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.txt
http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br:80/dspace/bitstream/10438/11994/4/forecasting-daily-volatility.pdf.jpg
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 30fb655def03c3f3e61bf930b3a3585b
dfb340242cced38a6cca06c627998fa1
b7c7e4522a469216e2387ce555bae46b
a1d5a6d2cc8362b0a0b2be8dd115591a
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional do FGV (FGV Repositório Digital) - Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1748572347360608256