Complications and Updates for Kawasaki Disease: a Review

• Main Author: Possidonio Ferreira, José Fábio
• Publication Date: 2024
• Other Authors: Souza Cerqueira, Maria Clara, Pacheco de Menezes Ferreira, Lucas Gabriel, Araujo de Souza Benicio, Ingrid, Marcelino Oliveira, Caio, Mota Cerqueira dos Santos, Caio, Feuerschuette, Christiano, Silva Sampaio, Pedro Henrique, Coutinho Texeira de Oliveira, Murilo, Damasceno Almeida Gonçalves, João Manoel, de Barros Silva, Roberto, dos Santos Sousa, Luis Henrique
• Format: Article
• Language: por
• Source: Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences
• Download full: https://bjihs.emnuvens.com.br/bjihs/article/view/1421
• topic: Doença de Kawazaki; Atualizações; Complicações; Tratamento; Kawasaki Disease; Updates; Complications; Treatment

Introduction: Kawasaki disease, a systemic vasculitisprimarily affecting children, was described by TomisakuKawasaki in 1967. The etiology remains unknown, but anatypical immune response triggered by infections is presumed. Symptoms include persistent fever, conjunctivitis, altered oral mucosa, rash, edema, and lymphadenopathy. Although rare, the disease is potentially severe, especially in children underfive. Diagnosis relies on clinical criteria, emphasizingpersistent fever, and additional tests. Early detection is crucial to initiate treatment and prevent serious complications, such as coronary aneurysms. Objective: Therefore, this study aims toanalyze complications and updates published on Kawasaki Disease. Methodology: This study adopted literature review as a method to analyze complications and updates in Kawasaki Disease. Inclusion criteria encompass studies published in thelast 5 years, in peer-reviewed journals, available in full text, and conducted on humans. The search used specificdescriptors in databases such as PubMed and SciELO, withlimitations for languages and electronic accessibility. 63 documents were analyzed, considering imposed temporal andlinguistic limitations. Results and Discussion: Kawasaki Disease, a systemic vasculitis in children, is associated withsevere complications, including coronary aneurysms, myocarditis, pericarditis, systemic vasculitis, thrombosis, andarthritis. Early treatment, involving intravenousimmunoglobulin and aspirin, contributes to risk reduction. Furthermore, recent advances encompass new diagnosticcriteria, investigations on IVIG dosages, combined therapies, cardiac monitoring, and genetic studies. The recommendationfor flu vaccination underscores the importance of healthcare professionals staying updated to provide the best possiblecare. Conclusion: In summary, Kawasaki disease, particularlyimpactful in children, necessitates early treatment withintravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin. Recent advances, such as new diagnostic criteria and research on IVIG dosages, indicate improvements. A multidisciplinary approach, cardiacmonitoring, and genetic studies promise progress. Additionally, the constant update of healthcare professionals isvital to offer the best care. In conclusion, the integration ofcontinuous studies is crucial to mitigate the impacts ofKawasaki disease.