INCIDENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURIES IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO THE ICU: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

• Autor(a) principal: Filho, Ricardo Luiz Zanotto
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Rêgo , Hosana Maria Araújo, Rocha , Maria Eduarda de Sá Bonifácio, Sobreira , Sabrina Maria Araujo, Júnior, Raimundo Nogueira de Oliveira, Valandro , Bianca, Käfer , Ana Flávia Paludo, Lima , Laura Faleiros de, Lima , Pedro Faleiros de, Neto , Jaime Garcia Pereira, Faria, Raquel Santos Berto de, Brasileiro , Luciana Ferreira
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences
• Texto Completo: https://bjihs.emnuvens.com.br/bjihs/article/view/994
• topic: Insuficiência Renal. Lesão Renal Aguda. Fatores de Risco. Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo.; Renal insufficiency. Acute Kidney Injury. Risk factors. ICU.

Acute renal failure (ARF) is the loss of kidney function that begins suddenly, regardless of the cause or mechanism, which can cause the accumulation of nitrogenous substances and may lead to a decrease in diuresis. The main risk factors for the development of AKI in the intensive care unit include ischemic, nephrotoxic, infectious and obstructive events, arterial hypotension, cardiovascular failure, liver failure, respiratory failure and neoplasia. Methodology: This integrative review aimed to identify the incidence of acute kidney injuries in patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Primary articles were included, without time or language limitations, that answered the question: “What is the incidence of acute kidney injuries in patients admitted to the ICU?” The bibliographic search took place in November 2023, using the LILACS, SciELO and PubMed databases. Search terms were used, such as “Acute Kidney Injury”, “Intensive Care Unit” and “Nephrology”, combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR, according to the particularities of each database. Results: The incidence of developing acute kidney injuries in patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) varies considerably and can be affected by a series of factors, such as previous clinical conditions, severity of the underlying disease, presence of shock, sepsis or use of nephrotoxic medications. It is a common complication associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, including increased mortality and prolonged hospital stay. Early identification and appropriate management of these kidney injuries are crucial to reduce the negative impact on the health of patients admitted to the ICU. Conclusion: The study of certain risk factors can contribute to the intervention and prevention of renal dysfunction and thus minimize possible complications in these patients. The main causes of AKI development in patients admitted to intensive care units include sepsis, septic shock, respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease.