Clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients colonized or infected by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: is resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim a problem?

• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Elisa Teixeira
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Paez, Jorge Isaac Garcia, Ferraz, Juliana Rosa, Marchi, Ana Paula, Silva, Ivan Leonardo Avelino França e, Batista, Marjorie Vieira, Lima, Ana Lucia Munhoz de, Rossi, Flávia, Levin, Anna Sara, Costa, Silvia Figueiredo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
• Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/rimtsp/article/view/183591
• topic: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; Immunocompromised patients; Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance; Gram-negative infection

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in the last decade. Increased resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) has been reported in S. maltophilia strains in the past few years, leading to few therapeutic options. We conducted a prospective multicenter study at two Brazilian teaching hospitals that identified S. maltophilia isolates and evaluated their antimicrobial susceptibility profile, SMX/TMP resistance genes and their clonality profile. A total of 106 non-repeated clinical samples of S. maltophilia were evaluated. Resistance to SMX/TMP was identified in 21.6% of the samples, and previous use of SMX/TMP occurred in 19 (82.6%). PCR detected the sul1 gene in 14 of 106 strains (13.2%). Of these isolates, nine displayed resistance to SMX/TMP. The resistant strains presented a polyclonal profile. This opportunistic pathogen has emerged in immunocompromised hosts, with few therapeutic options, which is aggravated by the description of emerging resistance mechanisms, although with a polyclonal distribution profile.