Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15875 |
Resumo: | Water is an important resource for human beings, yet there are inhabited places tormented by the scarcity of it. The present study is concerned with places where, seemingly, the best way to get water is through solar distillers. These places should have, typically, high values of solar irradiation and a lack of human and economic resources to build and operate complex equipment. A set of sites scattered around the world was chosen, and then the presumed productivity and thermal efficiency that solar distillers would have if they were installed at these places was calculated. The mathematical model used with this purpose assumes steady-state operation; the values of mass of water distilled and distiller efficiency were calculated for every hour, but the results presented are annual averages. Then, an economic study was made based on local costs of construction materials for the distillers, the workforce, and the prices of water to predict the payback time of solar distillers. Finally, a study on environmental impact, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, was made to compare reverse osmosis (RO) with solar distillation. For the sites studied, typical values of annual water output are in the range of 414 dm3/m2, for Évora, up to 696 dm3/m2, for Faya Largeau; the minimum efficiency was found for Évora, as 11.5%, and the maximum efficiency was found for Tessalit, as 15.2%. Payback times are very high, regardless of the areas of the globe where solar distillers are implanted. Regarding GHG emissions, solar distillation is preferable to RO. |
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Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid AreasSolar desalinationDistillersFresh waterArid areasGHG emissionsWater is an important resource for human beings, yet there are inhabited places tormented by the scarcity of it. The present study is concerned with places where, seemingly, the best way to get water is through solar distillers. These places should have, typically, high values of solar irradiation and a lack of human and economic resources to build and operate complex equipment. A set of sites scattered around the world was chosen, and then the presumed productivity and thermal efficiency that solar distillers would have if they were installed at these places was calculated. The mathematical model used with this purpose assumes steady-state operation; the values of mass of water distilled and distiller efficiency were calculated for every hour, but the results presented are annual averages. Then, an economic study was made based on local costs of construction materials for the distillers, the workforce, and the prices of water to predict the payback time of solar distillers. Finally, a study on environmental impact, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, was made to compare reverse osmosis (RO) with solar distillation. For the sites studied, typical values of annual water output are in the range of 414 dm3/m2, for Évora, up to 696 dm3/m2, for Faya Largeau; the minimum efficiency was found for Évora, as 11.5%, and the maximum efficiency was found for Tessalit, as 15.2%. Payback times are very high, regardless of the areas of the globe where solar distillers are implanted. Regarding GHG emissions, solar distillation is preferable to RO.MDPIRepositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do PortoMonteiro, JoaquimBaptista, AndresaPinto, Gustavo FilipeRibeiro, LeonardoMariano, Hélder2020-04-27T17:16:36Z20192019-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15875eng10.3390/su12010053info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-03-13T13:00:44ZPortal AgregadorONG |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
title |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
spellingShingle |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas Monteiro, Joaquim Solar desalination Distillers Fresh water Arid areas GHG emissions |
title_short |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
title_full |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
title_sort |
Assessment of the Use of Solar Desalination Distillers to Produce Fresh Water in Arid Areas |
author |
Monteiro, Joaquim |
author_facet |
Monteiro, Joaquim Baptista, Andresa Pinto, Gustavo Filipe Ribeiro, Leonardo Mariano, Hélder |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Baptista, Andresa Pinto, Gustavo Filipe Ribeiro, Leonardo Mariano, Hélder |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Monteiro, Joaquim Baptista, Andresa Pinto, Gustavo Filipe Ribeiro, Leonardo Mariano, Hélder |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Solar desalination Distillers Fresh water Arid areas GHG emissions |
topic |
Solar desalination Distillers Fresh water Arid areas GHG emissions |
description |
Water is an important resource for human beings, yet there are inhabited places tormented by the scarcity of it. The present study is concerned with places where, seemingly, the best way to get water is through solar distillers. These places should have, typically, high values of solar irradiation and a lack of human and economic resources to build and operate complex equipment. A set of sites scattered around the world was chosen, and then the presumed productivity and thermal efficiency that solar distillers would have if they were installed at these places was calculated. The mathematical model used with this purpose assumes steady-state operation; the values of mass of water distilled and distiller efficiency were calculated for every hour, but the results presented are annual averages. Then, an economic study was made based on local costs of construction materials for the distillers, the workforce, and the prices of water to predict the payback time of solar distillers. Finally, a study on environmental impact, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, was made to compare reverse osmosis (RO) with solar distillation. For the sites studied, typical values of annual water output are in the range of 414 dm3/m2, for Évora, up to 696 dm3/m2, for Faya Largeau; the minimum efficiency was found for Évora, as 11.5%, and the maximum efficiency was found for Tessalit, as 15.2%. Payback times are very high, regardless of the areas of the globe where solar distillers are implanted. Regarding GHG emissions, solar distillation is preferable to RO. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z 2020-04-27T17:16:36Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15875 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/15875 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3390/su12010053 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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