Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Romão, Vasco C.
Publication Date: 2021
Other Authors: Fonseca, João Eurico
Format: Article
Language: eng
Source: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
Download full: http://hdl.handle.net/10451/50413
Summary: Copyright © 2021 Romão and Fonseca. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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spelling Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art reviewEtiologyPathogenesisPre-RAPre-rheumatoid arthritisRheumatoid arthritisRisk factorsCopyright © 2021 Romão and Fonseca. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common systemic inflammatory rheumatic disease. It is associated with significant burden at the patient and societal level. Extensive efforts have been devoted to identifying a potential cause for the development of RA. Epidemiological studies have thoroughly investigated the association of several factors with the risk and course of RA. Although a precise etiology remains elusive, the current understanding is that RA is a multifactorial disease, wherein complex interactions between host and environmental factors determine the overall risk of disease susceptibility, persistence and severity. Risk factors related to the host that have been associated with RA development may be divided into genetic; epigenetic; hormonal, reproductive and neuroendocrine; and comorbid host factors. In turn, environmental risk factors include smoking and other airborne exposures; microbiota and infectious agents; diet; and socioeconomic factors. In the present narrative review, aimed at clinicians and researchers in the field of RA, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the current knowledge on this topic, focusing on recent progresses that have improved our comprehension of disease risk and development.VCR work was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Interno Doutorando Bursary reference SFRH/SINTD/95030/2013); European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR Scientific Training Bursary 2014); and Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia (Fundo de Apoio à Investigação da SPR 2015 & 2016, to VCR).FrontiersRepositório da Universidade de LisboaRomão, Vasco C.Fonseca, João Eurico2021-12-14T15:54:33Z20212021-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/50413engFront Med (Lausanne). 2021 Nov 26;8:68969810.3389/fmed.2021.6896982296-858Xinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-08T16:54:34Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/50413Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T22:01:52.718271Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
title Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
spellingShingle Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
Romão, Vasco C.
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Pre-RA
Pre-rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Risk factors
title_short Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
title_full Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
title_fullStr Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
title_full_unstemmed Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
title_sort Etiology and risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: a state-of-the-art review
author Romão, Vasco C.
author_facet Romão, Vasco C.
Fonseca, João Eurico
author_role author
author2 Fonseca, João Eurico
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Romão, Vasco C.
Fonseca, João Eurico
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Etiology
Pathogenesis
Pre-RA
Pre-rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Risk factors
topic Etiology
Pathogenesis
Pre-RA
Pre-rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Risk factors
description Copyright © 2021 Romão and Fonseca. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-12-14T15:54:33Z
2021
2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10451/50413
url http://hdl.handle.net/10451/50413
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Nov 26;8:689698
10.3389/fmed.2021.689698
2296-858X
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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instname_str Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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reponame_str Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
collection Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação
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