Hypothyroidism and chronic kidney disease: An undervalued two-way relationship

• Autor(a) principal: Coutinho,Joana
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Outros Autores: Santos,Catarina Reis, Rocha,Ernesto
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0872-01692019000400006
• topic: Cardiovascular risk; Chronic Kidney Disease; Hypothyroidism; Mortality

There is long-standing evidence that thyroid disease and kidney disease have a two-way relationship, as they can aggravate and lead to each other. The exact nature of this association and its clinical implications have been a matter of debate, as co-sharing of risk factors and appropriate prospective studies that allow for causal relationships to be inferred are lacking. Hypothyroidism is currently regarded by the American Heart Association as a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor and a reversible cause of heart failure. Among the nephrology community, while hypothyroidism has been an increasingly prevalent issue, formal guidelines on how to proceed when such association occurs are lacking and its clinical implications are often underappreciated among practitioners. Whether renal disease caused the thyroid disturbance or vice-versa, there is evidence pointing to thyroid dysfunction being a risk factor for incident chronic kidney disease and its progression and it is linked to increased overall mortality in CKD patients. The authors provide a review of current scientific evidence on this complex relationship.