Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37487 |
Resumo: | In developing countries, the technology used for biomass carbonization requires major retrofits for an efficient conversion of the residual biomass produced in the palm oil mills into biochar. This study analyzes a prototype of a small and modular auger reactor (P-SMART) that uses untreated kernel shells as feedstock to produce biochar and thermal energy. The P-SMART does not require inert gases during operation, neither diesel nor natural gas for the initial heating process. This study shows that the carbonization process can be driven by the energy generated during pyrolysis gas combustion (auto-thermal conditions) from a biomass load capacity of 30 kg/h. During the auto-thermal operation, the thermal energy generated by pyrolysis gas combustion is higher than that required by the carbonization process. The carbon monoxide concentration in the flue gas during the auto-thermal operation was 197 mg/Nm3 which is lower than the European eco-design requirement of 500 mg/Nm3 (both measured at 11% vol. O2, dry gas). The biochars produced during auto-thermal operation have a macro-porous structure with a pore radius that ranges from 0.42 to 12.48 μm. The carbon content and the molar H/Corg and O/Corg ratio of the analyzed biochars are in accordance with the European guidelines for the sustainable production of biochar of less than 0.7 and 0.4 respectively. Moreover, relevant soil nutrients were observed in the KS ash, namely: silica (30 wt%), potassium (8.2 wt%) and phosphorous (3 wt%). |
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Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactorBiocharPalm oilKernel shellPyrolysisAuger reactorAgro-residuesIn developing countries, the technology used for biomass carbonization requires major retrofits for an efficient conversion of the residual biomass produced in the palm oil mills into biochar. This study analyzes a prototype of a small and modular auger reactor (P-SMART) that uses untreated kernel shells as feedstock to produce biochar and thermal energy. The P-SMART does not require inert gases during operation, neither diesel nor natural gas for the initial heating process. This study shows that the carbonization process can be driven by the energy generated during pyrolysis gas combustion (auto-thermal conditions) from a biomass load capacity of 30 kg/h. During the auto-thermal operation, the thermal energy generated by pyrolysis gas combustion is higher than that required by the carbonization process. The carbon monoxide concentration in the flue gas during the auto-thermal operation was 197 mg/Nm3 which is lower than the European eco-design requirement of 500 mg/Nm3 (both measured at 11% vol. O2, dry gas). The biochars produced during auto-thermal operation have a macro-porous structure with a pore radius that ranges from 0.42 to 12.48 μm. The carbon content and the molar H/Corg and O/Corg ratio of the analyzed biochars are in accordance with the European guidelines for the sustainable production of biochar of less than 0.7 and 0.4 respectively. Moreover, relevant soil nutrients were observed in the KS ash, namely: silica (30 wt%), potassium (8.2 wt%) and phosphorous (3 wt%).Elsevier2023-05-04T08:23:00Z2020-09-01T00:00:00Z2020-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10773/37487eng0959-652610.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121804Heredia Salgado, Mario A.Coba S, Jonathan A.Tarelho, Luís A.C.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-02-22T12:12:27Zoai:ria.ua.pt:10773/37487Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T03:08:06.986297Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
title |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
spellingShingle |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor Heredia Salgado, Mario A. Biochar Palm oil Kernel shell Pyrolysis Auger reactor Agro-residues |
title_short |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
title_full |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
title_fullStr |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
title_sort |
Simultaneous production of biochar and thermal energy using palm oil residual biomass as feedstock in an auto-thermal prototype reactor |
author |
Heredia Salgado, Mario A. |
author_facet |
Heredia Salgado, Mario A. Coba S, Jonathan A. Tarelho, Luís A.C. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Coba S, Jonathan A. Tarelho, Luís A.C. |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Heredia Salgado, Mario A. Coba S, Jonathan A. Tarelho, Luís A.C. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Biochar Palm oil Kernel shell Pyrolysis Auger reactor Agro-residues |
topic |
Biochar Palm oil Kernel shell Pyrolysis Auger reactor Agro-residues |
description |
In developing countries, the technology used for biomass carbonization requires major retrofits for an efficient conversion of the residual biomass produced in the palm oil mills into biochar. This study analyzes a prototype of a small and modular auger reactor (P-SMART) that uses untreated kernel shells as feedstock to produce biochar and thermal energy. The P-SMART does not require inert gases during operation, neither diesel nor natural gas for the initial heating process. This study shows that the carbonization process can be driven by the energy generated during pyrolysis gas combustion (auto-thermal conditions) from a biomass load capacity of 30 kg/h. During the auto-thermal operation, the thermal energy generated by pyrolysis gas combustion is higher than that required by the carbonization process. The carbon monoxide concentration in the flue gas during the auto-thermal operation was 197 mg/Nm3 which is lower than the European eco-design requirement of 500 mg/Nm3 (both measured at 11% vol. O2, dry gas). The biochars produced during auto-thermal operation have a macro-porous structure with a pore radius that ranges from 0.42 to 12.48 μm. The carbon content and the molar H/Corg and O/Corg ratio of the analyzed biochars are in accordance with the European guidelines for the sustainable production of biochar of less than 0.7 and 0.4 respectively. Moreover, relevant soil nutrients were observed in the KS ash, namely: silica (30 wt%), potassium (8.2 wt%) and phosphorous (3 wt%). |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-09-01T00:00:00Z 2020-09-01 2023-05-04T08:23:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37487 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10773/37487 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
0959-6526 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121804 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
instname_str |
Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
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1799137734670942208 |