Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090470 |
Resumo: | Objective: To develop and evaluate the reliability of a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the attitudes and knowledge of community pharmacists in Portugal about microbial resistance and the antibiotic dispensing process. Methods: This study was divided into the following three stages: (1) design of the questionnaire, which included a literature review and a qualitative study with focus-group sessions; (2) assessment of face and content validity, using a panel of experts and a pre-test of community pharmacists; and, (3) pilot study and reliability analysis, which included a test-retest study covering fifty practising pharmacists based at community pharmacies in five districts situated in Northern Portugal. Questionnaire reproducibility was quantified using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC; 95% confidence interval) computed by means of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The correlation coefficients were fair to good (ICC>0.4) for all statements (scale-items) regarding knowledge of and attitudes to antibiotic resistance, and ranged from fair to good to excellent for statements about situations in which pharmacists acknowledged that antibiotics were sometimes dispensed without a medical prescription (ICC>0.8). Cronbach's alpha for this section was 0.716. Conclusions: The questionnaire designed in this study is valid and reliable in terms of content validity, face validity and reproducibility. |
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Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliabilityObjective: To develop and evaluate the reliability of a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the attitudes and knowledge of community pharmacists in Portugal about microbial resistance and the antibiotic dispensing process. Methods: This study was divided into the following three stages: (1) design of the questionnaire, which included a literature review and a qualitative study with focus-group sessions; (2) assessment of face and content validity, using a panel of experts and a pre-test of community pharmacists; and, (3) pilot study and reliability analysis, which included a test-retest study covering fifty practising pharmacists based at community pharmacies in five districts situated in Northern Portugal. Questionnaire reproducibility was quantified using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC; 95% confidence interval) computed by means of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The correlation coefficients were fair to good (ICC>0.4) for all statements (scale-items) regarding knowledge of and attitudes to antibiotic resistance, and ranged from fair to good to excellent for statements about situations in which pharmacists acknowledged that antibiotics were sometimes dispensed without a medical prescription (ICC>0.8). Cronbach's alpha for this section was 0.716. Conclusions: The questionnaire designed in this study is valid and reliable in terms of content validity, face validity and reproducibility.2023-01-24T09:30:22Z2023-01-242014-03-05T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502http://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090470eng24599387Roque, FátimaSoares, SaraBreitenfeld, LuizaGonzalez-Gonzalez, CristianFigueiras, AdolfoHerdeiro, Mariainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2024-01-14T03:00:01Zoai:bdigital.ipg.pt:10314/7502Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-20T01:44:14.705924Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
title |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
spellingShingle |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability Roque, Fátima |
title_short |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
title_full |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
title_fullStr |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
title_sort |
Portuguese community pharmacists attitudes to and knowledge of antibiotic misuse: questionnaire development and reliability |
author |
Roque, Fátima |
author_facet |
Roque, Fátima Soares, Sara Breitenfeld, Luiza Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Cristian Figueiras, Adolfo Herdeiro, Maria |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Soares, Sara Breitenfeld, Luiza Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Cristian Figueiras, Adolfo Herdeiro, Maria |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Roque, Fátima Soares, Sara Breitenfeld, Luiza Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Cristian Figueiras, Adolfo Herdeiro, Maria |
description |
Objective: To develop and evaluate the reliability of a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the attitudes and knowledge of community pharmacists in Portugal about microbial resistance and the antibiotic dispensing process. Methods: This study was divided into the following three stages: (1) design of the questionnaire, which included a literature review and a qualitative study with focus-group sessions; (2) assessment of face and content validity, using a panel of experts and a pre-test of community pharmacists; and, (3) pilot study and reliability analysis, which included a test-retest study covering fifty practising pharmacists based at community pharmacies in five districts situated in Northern Portugal. Questionnaire reproducibility was quantified using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC; 95% confidence interval) computed by means of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The correlation coefficients were fair to good (ICC>0.4) for all statements (scale-items) regarding knowledge of and attitudes to antibiotic resistance, and ranged from fair to good to excellent for statements about situations in which pharmacists acknowledged that antibiotics were sometimes dispensed without a medical prescription (ICC>0.8). Cronbach's alpha for this section was 0.716. Conclusions: The questionnaire designed in this study is valid and reliable in terms of content validity, face validity and reproducibility. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-03-05T00:00:00Z 2023-01-24T09:30:22Z 2023-01-24 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502 http://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090470 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10314/7502 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090470 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
24599387 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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1799136937813999616 |