Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21840 |
Resumo: | Reducing nitrate leachingmay not result in a significant improvement of groundwater quality. The amount of nitrate reaching groundwater depends not only on the hazard related to agricultural activities but also on-site specific groundwater vulnerability. Using national databases and other compiled datasets, the agricultural hazard was calculated as the ratio of (i) the nitrate leached estimated from the N surplus, and (ii) the water surplus, a proxy of the percolatingwater belowthe root zone. By combining the hazardwith a multi-parameter groundwater vulnerability, a spatially explicit groundwater contamination risk, developed for mainland Portugal,was computed for 1999 and 2009. Results showan increase from8,800 to 82,679 ha of the territory ratedwith a very high contamination risk. The priority areas were successfully screened by the Index, coinciding with the current Vulnerable Zones, although additional hotspots were detected in southern Portugal. Percolation, including both irrigation activity and precipitation, was found to be a key driver for the groundwater contamination risk due to its opposite effects in the hazard and in the vulnerability. Reducing nitrogen leaching may be insufficient to reduce the risk of nitrate contamination if there is a relatively larger reduction in precipitation. This index is particularly useful when applied to contrasting situations of vulnerability and hazard,which require distinct mitigation measures to mitigate groundwater contamination |
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Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugalagricultural contaminationrisk indexnitrate leachinggroundwater pollutiongross nitrogen balancegroundwater vulnerabilityReducing nitrate leachingmay not result in a significant improvement of groundwater quality. The amount of nitrate reaching groundwater depends not only on the hazard related to agricultural activities but also on-site specific groundwater vulnerability. Using national databases and other compiled datasets, the agricultural hazard was calculated as the ratio of (i) the nitrate leached estimated from the N surplus, and (ii) the water surplus, a proxy of the percolatingwater belowthe root zone. By combining the hazardwith a multi-parameter groundwater vulnerability, a spatially explicit groundwater contamination risk, developed for mainland Portugal,was computed for 1999 and 2009. Results showan increase from8,800 to 82,679 ha of the territory ratedwith a very high contamination risk. The priority areas were successfully screened by the Index, coinciding with the current Vulnerable Zones, although additional hotspots were detected in southern Portugal. Percolation, including both irrigation activity and precipitation, was found to be a key driver for the groundwater contamination risk due to its opposite effects in the hazard and in the vulnerability. Reducing nitrogen leaching may be insufficient to reduce the risk of nitrate contamination if there is a relatively larger reduction in precipitation. This index is particularly useful when applied to contrasting situations of vulnerability and hazard,which require distinct mitigation measures to mitigate groundwater contaminationElsevierRepositório da Universidade de LisboaSerra, JoãoCameira, Maria do RosárioCordovil, CláudiaHutchings, Nicholas2021-09-16T14:08:02Z20212021-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21840engScience of the Total Environment 772 (2021) 145032https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145032info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-03-06T14:51:23Zoai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/21840Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T17:06:23.407742Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
title |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
spellingShingle |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal Serra, João agricultural contamination risk index nitrate leaching groundwater pollution gross nitrogen balance groundwater vulnerability |
title_short |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
title_full |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
title_fullStr |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
title_sort |
Development of a groundwater contamination index based on the agricultural hazard and aquifer vulnerability: Application to Portugal |
author |
Serra, João |
author_facet |
Serra, João Cameira, Maria do Rosário Cordovil, Cláudia Hutchings, Nicholas |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Cameira, Maria do Rosário Cordovil, Cláudia Hutchings, Nicholas |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Serra, João Cameira, Maria do Rosário Cordovil, Cláudia Hutchings, Nicholas |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
agricultural contamination risk index nitrate leaching groundwater pollution gross nitrogen balance groundwater vulnerability |
topic |
agricultural contamination risk index nitrate leaching groundwater pollution gross nitrogen balance groundwater vulnerability |
description |
Reducing nitrate leachingmay not result in a significant improvement of groundwater quality. The amount of nitrate reaching groundwater depends not only on the hazard related to agricultural activities but also on-site specific groundwater vulnerability. Using national databases and other compiled datasets, the agricultural hazard was calculated as the ratio of (i) the nitrate leached estimated from the N surplus, and (ii) the water surplus, a proxy of the percolatingwater belowthe root zone. By combining the hazardwith a multi-parameter groundwater vulnerability, a spatially explicit groundwater contamination risk, developed for mainland Portugal,was computed for 1999 and 2009. Results showan increase from8,800 to 82,679 ha of the territory ratedwith a very high contamination risk. The priority areas were successfully screened by the Index, coinciding with the current Vulnerable Zones, although additional hotspots were detected in southern Portugal. Percolation, including both irrigation activity and precipitation, was found to be a key driver for the groundwater contamination risk due to its opposite effects in the hazard and in the vulnerability. Reducing nitrogen leaching may be insufficient to reduce the risk of nitrate contamination if there is a relatively larger reduction in precipitation. This index is particularly useful when applied to contrasting situations of vulnerability and hazard,which require distinct mitigation measures to mitigate groundwater contamination |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-09-16T14:08:02Z 2021 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21840 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21840 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Science of the Total Environment 772 (2021) 145032 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145032 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
instacron_str |
RCAAP |
institution |
RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1799131156822622208 |