Efeitos agudos do cálcio dietético sobre a glicemia, lipemia, pressão arterial e reatividade microvascular cutânea durante o período pós-prandial em mulheres obesas

• Autor(a) principal: Antunes, Vanessa Parada
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/8803
• topic: Dietary calcium; Cardiovascular disease; Postprandial period; Microvascular function; Lipids; Cálcio dietético; Doença cardiovascular; Período pós-prandial; Função microvascular; Lipídeos; Dieta; Cálcio na dieta; Doenças cardiovasculares; Obesidade; Resistência à insulina; Lipídeos; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

The marked increase of glucose and triglycerides (TG) in the postprandial period is a predictor of cardiovascular events. Although dietary calcium and / or dairy products (the main dietary source of calcium) are inversely associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and blood pressure (BP), their postprandial effects are not known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of dietary calcium on the metabolism of glucose, lipids and calcium; C-reactive protein; Microvascular function; and BP in the postprandial period in obese women. In this randomized, cross-over trial, 16 obese women were included. All participants ate 2 high-fat meals presenting similar content of energy (~ 695 Kcal) and macronutrients (~ 15g proteins, 73g carbohydrates and 38g lipids) on different days (1 to 2 weeks apart). The two meals differed only in the calcium content: low calcium (LCM, 41mg) and high dietary calcium (HDCM ~ 550mg). The moment of ingestion of the meal was considered as minute 0 (T0). The evaluations were performed in the following moments: anthropometry at minute -45, BP minute -15 to 120, microvascular function at minutes -30 and 120 and laboratory at minutes 0, 120 (T120) and 240 (T240). Laboratory evaluation included glucose, insulin, total cholesterol and fractions, TG, serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein. Microvascular function was evaluated by Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (PeriCam PSI-NR®) and BP continuously by digital photoplethysmography (Finometer Pro®). The repeated-measures ANOVA test was used to evaluate intra and inter-meal modifications. The participants had a mean age of 34.31 ± 2.07 years and a body mass index of 34.16 ± 0.92 kg/m2. After the intake of the 2 meals, no significant elevation of glycemia was observed, but there was a significant increase in insulinemia (p<0.0001),, total cholesterol (p<0.01) and TG (p <0.0001). After HDCM the total serum calcium increased(p=0.04), while PTH decreased(p <0.0001) . After LCM, serum calcium levels did not show significant elevation, but PTH changed significantly(p<0.0001). The peak, the amplitude and the area under the curve of cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) showed a significant reduction after LCM. After the HDCM, only the peak and the amplitude of the CVC showed a significant reduction. Systolic and diastolic BP increased significantly after LCM and HDCM (p <0.01). The other variables evaluated in the study did not present significant modifications after the 2 meals. The comparative analysis of the two meals revealed that PTH had a greater decrease after HDCM (p=0.02) and a lack of significant differences between meals in relation to all of the evaluated parameters. This study suggests that in obese women dietary calcium acutely decreases PTH, but does not present acute effects on glycemia, lipemia, BP and microvascular function during the postprandial period