Avaliação de ciclo de vida das diferentes rotas tecnológicas de disposição dos resíduos de madeiras gerados pelas indústrias moveleiras de Petrópolis/RJ

• Autor(a) principal: Simões, Izabela de Almeida
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: [e-mail]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/16957
• topic: Environmental engineering; Product life cycle; Industrial waste; Furniture; Wood; Reuse (Lefts, scraps, etc.); Engenharia ambiental; Ciclo de vida do produto; Resíduos industriais; Mobiliário; Madeira; Reaproveitamento (Sobras, refugos, etc.); ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA::SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL::CONTROLE DA POLUICAO

The wood value chain, despite having as its main source a renewable raw material, generates environmental impacts arising from the manufacture of products and the inadequate management of the waste generated, as the use of wood throughout its life cycle can reach less 50%. Therefore, it is important to evaluate technological routes that reduce the environmental impact of the disposal of this waste. In the furniture sector, most organizations are Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), further pulverizing the waste generated and making it difficult to better dispose of the wood waste generated. The objective of this work was to evaluate the environmental impacts of different technological routes for the disposal of wood waste generated in 11 industries in the furniture industry in Petrópolis/RJ. Three disposal alternatives practiced by the industries were evaluated: (i) landfill; (ii) burning in ovens and steam production in laundry; and (iii) sending to a farm in the use of a henhouse bed. In addition to these destinations, a recycling scenario for the production of MDP (medium density particleboard – agglomerate panel consisting of agglutinated wood particles) was also included, as an alternative for the industries studied. The methodology of this research was based on the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards, following the stages of definition of the objective and scope, life cycle inventory, assessment of environmental impacts and interpretation of results. Information on consumption of raw materials and inputs was collected, as well as the generation of waste and emissions, which enabled the measurement of impacts. SimaPro® software was used for life cycle modeling. Ten categories of environmental impacts associated with the treatment of 1 kg of wood waste were evaluated: depletion of mineral resources, acidification, eutrophication, global warming, ozone layer depletion, human toxicity, freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecotoxicities and photochemical oxidation. These categories were considered because they represent the main impacts from wood waste, in addition to allowing a comparison with the results in this study. Recycling alternative had the best environmental performance among the selected impact categories, reinforcing the circularity concept of keeping materials at their highest level of added value. Of the alternatives practiced by the industries, the energy recovery was the most benefit choice, while the landfill disposal had the highest proportion of environmental impacts in whole categories evaluated. Although the management of wood residues has an influence on the environmental impacts in the production of the furniture industry, the production of MDF panels is still more representative around environmental impacts of the entire furniture value chain.