Avaliação de cagaiteiras (Eugenia dysenterica DC.) cultivadas no município de Goiânia,GO

• Autor(a) principal: Camilo, Yanuzi Mara Vargas
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4692
• topic: Caracterização de frutos; Cerrado; Espécie nativa; Fenologia; Morfometria; Óleo Essencial; Fruit characterization; Savannah,; Native specie; Phenology; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Theobjective of this research was to study the morphometric and phenological development, and production of Eugenia dysenterica DC., from different municipalities in Goiás Southeast and grown in experimental area of the Escola de Agronomia of Universidade Federal de Goiás, featuring physically and chemically their fruit and the fatty acid profile of its seeds, and to evaluate the chemical composition variability of the essential oil extracted from its leaves, with the aim of better understanding, expansion and use of this native. For morphometric analysis, semiannual readings of the total height of the trees were made, crown insertion height, crown diameter, length, and proportion of canopy projection index, coverage ratio, formal crown and stem diameter at 10 cm soil. The phenological observations were carried out fortnightly being evaluated phases leafing, flowering, fruiting, leaf abscission, budding and fruit production. The harvests of 2013 and 2014 the fruits were chemically physical and evaluated for weight, longitudinal and transverse diameter, number and weight of seeds / fruit, pulp mass, skin color, juice yield, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity , moisture, ash, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, mineral nutrients and fatty acids in seeds. The essential oil extracted from the leaves cagaiteira was evaluated for yield and seasonality and different groups of plants. Climatic data were obtained in the First Class Evaporimétrica station in operation at EA / UFG. There was a wide variation between plants regarding the morphometric variables analyzed. The plants presented is still under development, an increase in height and diameter, however, with medium to low growth, and with slim canopy format. The cagaiteira loses its old leaves in August and September, and the issuance of new leaves occurs throughout the year, peaking in August, September and October, by which time there is also the sprouting stage, flowering and fruiting. Fruit production is considered irregular between plants and switching production between years. The fruits of cagaiteiras are considered irregular as to its physical format, with biometric variation between vintages. The cagaitas pulp apresentoa relevant value for N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The cagaitas seeds have a profile of fatty acids, mostly, linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The yield of essential oil extracted from cagaiteiras leaves was low, and therefore the main chemical constituents belonging to the biosynthetic class of sesquiterpenes. Of the 30 compounds identified in the essential oil, only five of them corresponded to more than 60% total of the oil extracted from the seeds, they being a-copaeno, (E)-cariofileno, a-cumuleno, g-cadineno e d- cadineno. The highest yield of essential oil occurs in the rainy season and dry / rain transition, and what are the main chemical constituents also occur in higher percentage in these times.