Composição química e variabilidade sazonal dos óleos voláteis das folhas de Siparuna guianensis Aubl. (Siparunaceae)

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Joaquim Aurélio Tomaz de
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/12006
• topic: Plantas medicinais; Siparunaceae; Óleos essenciais; Inseticida; Negramina; Siparunaceae; Essential oils; Insecticide; Negramin; Medicinal plants; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA

Introduction: Siparuna guianensis Aubl., known as “negramina, capitu”, is a species popularly used for headaches, colds, fevers, as a healing agent, insect, and tick repellents. Objectives: To evaluate the chemical composition and seasonal variability of volatile oil from the leaves of S. guianensis. Methodology: Botanical material was collected between April 2019 to March 2020, from 10 different individuals, in Monte do Carmo, Tocantins, Brazil. Climatic data for the period were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology. The powder from the leaves was submitted to hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and the identification of the compounds was performed by GC-MS. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to analyze the interrelationships between the chemical constituents of volatile oils of the species collected in different months. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to study the similarity between samples according to the distribution of constituents. To validate the cluster analysis, canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was performed. Results and discussion: In volatile oils, 21.32% to 55.44% of sesquiterpenes, 19.95 to 49.73% of oxygenated sesquiterpenes, 0.48 to 1.55% of oxygenated monoterpenes, 0 to 5.67% of monoterpene hydrocarbons, 0 to 48.2% of other compounds were identified in the volatile oils. The major compounds were γ-muurolene (13.99 to 35.97%), curzerene (7.22-19.15%), curzerenone (7.3-18.13%), 2-undecanone (3.99- 10.63%). The presence of two clusters was verified: cluster I, discriminated by the compounds curzerenone, β-selinene, δ-elemene, corresponding to the months with the lowest rainfall, and cluster II, discriminated by the β-burbonene, corresponding to the months with the highest rainfall. Comparing the present study with data from the literature, it is observed that S. guianensis presents chemical variability, related to the rainfall index, that can alter the production of metabolites. Conclusions: The essential oils of S. guianensis are mainly composed of sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The chemical variability of the oil is related to the rainfall index. The results obtained may help in directing the best times to collect leaves of the species S. guianensis, in addition to understanding the chemical variability profile related to seasonality.