Validação de protocolo para detecção de Guignardia citricarpa em citros por PCR convencional e PCR em tempo real

• Autor(a) principal: Faganello, Fernanda de Sillos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4005
• topic: CTAB modificado; PCR convencional; PCR em tempo real; Pinta preta dos citros; Modified CTAB; Conventional PCR; Real time PCR; Citrus black spot; AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA

Citrus Black Spot (CBS) caused by Guignardia citricarpa is classified as quarantine disease, imposing restrictions to fresh fruits shipping to the European Union countries. In the state of Goiás, despite systematic phytosanitary surveys, its distribution and occurrence are unknown due to lack of available technologies for diagnosis. The occurrence of latent infections, the presence of an endophytic species morphologically similar to G. citricarpa, as well as time consuming for diagnosis through conventional methods require the validation of fast, efficient, reproducible, safe and sensitive methods of diagnosis to provide reliability of diagnosis and disease surveys for its detection and delimitation. Modifications of the “Cationic hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide” method (CTAB) to extract DNA of G. citricarpafrom symptomatic tissues with validation of chemical purity, structural integrity, and absence of DNA inhibiting substances, for further use in diagnosis by PCR were tested. There was no difference in the average of DNA extracted for hygienized and non-hygienized tissues (328.62 ng µL -1 and 322.79 ng µL -1 , respectively), with low concentration of proteinsin the DNA solution. The extractor of DNA in amount (>300 ng µL -1 ) and quality (structural integrity) was sufficient to perform the conventional and real-time PCR analyses. The absence of inhibitors was demonstrated by real-time PCR, adding 0.1 % genetically modified standard corn DNA (event MON 810 standard ERM®-BF413b), with the amplification of the specific region of this event in all test samples. The modified CTAB method sowed repeatability and partial reproducibility among the limits acceptablein the methodology with coefficient of variability lower than 30 %. To comply with the ISO/TEC 17025:2005 norm, the method for the diagnosis of the fungus G. citricarpaby PCR conventional and real time PCR was validated with the specific evaluation of the limitof detection. Conventional and real time PCR methods were specificity and adequacy to detect G. citricarpa. Conventional PCR presented detecting limit of 10 ng µL -1 of the fungus DNA, with repeatability. Real time PCR presented higher sensitivity, having the detecting limit determined for the technique with repeatability, at the concentration of 10 fg of DNA of the fungus. In two farms 24 external asymptomatic leaves from orange trees variety Pera Rio were collected; eight from each third (lower, medium and upper); totaling twent plants. The modified CTAB method for DNA extraction was used. The presence of the fungus in very low concentrations was detected in the asymptomatic leaves, which made it impossible when we used the conventional PCR technique. In those conditions, the real-time PCR proved to be feasible, reproducible and highly sensitive for G. citricarpa detection, amplifying between 232 and 232 x 10 2 DNA copies of the fungus from asymptomatic leaf samples; being an excellent option for the diagnosis of thispathogen in asymptomatic orchards.