Soroepidemiologia da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite E em grupos populacionais em Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Freitas, Nara Rubia de
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8017
• topic: HEV; Epidemiologia; Catadores de materiais recicláveis; Moradores de assentamentos rurais; Hepatite não A, não B, não C; Epidemiology; Recyclable waste pickers; Rural settlements; Non-A, non- B, non-C hepatitis; BIOLOGIA E FISIOLOGIA DOS MICROORGANISMOS::VIROLOGIA

Hepatitis E, caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), is a major public health problem worldwide. However, studies on HEV infection are rare in Central Brazil. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of this infection, to analyze associated factors, and to detect viral RNA in anti-HEV positive samples in urban (recyclable waste pickers) and rural (residents of settlements) populations, as well as in patients with acute non-A, non- B, non-C hepatitis. A total of 1,274 individuals were studied in the state of Goiás, 431 recyclable waste pickers, 464 individuals living in rural settlements and 379 patients with non-A, non-B, non-C acute hepatitis. All participants were interviewed and blood samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of serological markers of hepatitis E (anti-HEV IgG and IgM), and the positive samples were confirmed by immunoblot. The anti-HEV IgM positive samples from recyclable waste pickers were examined for the presence of HEV RNA by nested reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), while the other groups by real-time PCR (anti-HEV IgG/IgM positive). In recyclable waste pickers, the prevalences of anti-HEV IgG and IgM markers were 5.1% (95% CI: 3.4-7.6) and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4-2.4), respectively. After multivariate analysis, age >40 years was associated with the presence of anti-HEV. For rural settlers, the anti- HEV IgG rate was 3.4% (95% CI: 2.0-5.7). None of the samples tested were positive for anti-HEV IgM. Time of dwelling in rural settlement for more than five years was associated with anti-HEV positivity. For patients with non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis, prevalences of 5.3% (95% CI: 3.3-8.2) and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.0-1.7) were estimated for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively. Low level of schooling was associated with HEV seropositivity, as well as living in rural areas, with borderline p. HEV RNA was not detected in any of the tested samples from the three groups. The seroprevalences found for the anti-HEV IgG marker reveal low exposure to HEV in the three groups analyzed and rare cases of acute infection. These findings suggest that the epidemiological profile of HEV infection observed is similar to that reported in regions with low endemicity.