Disease investigation in free-ranging neotropical primates from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

• Autor(a) principal: Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMG
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/44188
• topic: Pathology; Wild Animals; Primates; Marmoset; Patologia; Animais selvagens; Primatas; Sagui

Neotropical primates are natural and accidental hosts for many infectious diseases, including zoonosis with high importance in public health; and, due to anthropization and fragmentation of their habitat, these animals are also highly exposed to innumerous anthropized factors that directly impact their survival. Studies focusing on pathology of captive, especially laboratory non-human primates are common. However, studies on diseases that affect wild populations are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the diseases that affect free-ranging neotropical primates of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including peri-urban to urbanized regions, and conservation units, that died naturally from January 2017 to June 2019. Tissues, mainly liver, spleen, lung, kidney and brain, were sampled during necropsies of primates at Municipal Institute of Veterinary Medicine Jorge Vaitsman of Rio de Janeiro State (IJV/RJ) and were evaluated by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electronic microscopy and molecular analyzes according to the histopathological findings and the suspected etiology. Therefore, we were able to identify the main pathological findings associated with death in free-ranging NWP with detailed histopathological features and immunophenotypic, ultrastructural and molecular characterization, detecting important zoonotic infections, such as rabies, YF and toxoplasmosis. Also, it was described for the first time in free-ranging NWP infection by S. capitis, S. sanguinus, Moraxella sp. and PIV-1 and 3. Additionally, we characterized the epidemiological and pathological aspects of platynosomiasis and toxoplasmosis infection in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp.), both diseases with high importance in these animals. We also performed a detailed description of traumatic injuries in free- ranging NWP describing for the first time NTPE by liver and lung tissue in marmosets and highlighting the impact of trauma in free-ranging NWP population. Finally, we presented preliminary results of a high prevalent renal disease in free-ranging NWP with IgG and IgM glomerular immunolabelling and associated with high frequency of extramedullary hematopoiesis.