Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19104 |
Resumo: | Prejudice against schizophrenia is a present phenomenon rooted in society. The most current studies in the area of prejudice show that it no longer occurs blatantly but has taken on more subtle forms of manifestation. Aiming at this, we propose a model of flagrant prejudice and subtle prejudice to the context of schizophrenia, indicating stereotypes and causal beliefs as explanatory variables. Three quantitative and descriptive studies were performed to reach this goal. The first one aimed at constructing and validating the scales of perception of inadequacy to the standard of normality, exaggeration of group differences and benevolence; In addition to adapting the scales of perceived threat to the mentally ill and the social distance scale facing the mentally ill. The sample had 200 students from public and private universities in cities of Paraíba, with a mean age of 25.31 years (SD = 7.21). The data were analyzed through SPSS, in which exploratory factorial analyzes were performed. The scales presented good psychometric indexes with Cronbach's Alpha ranging from 0.62 to 0.84. In order to carry out a confirmatory analysis of the structure of these measures, the second study was carried out with 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba, with a mean age of 24.82 years (SD = 6.97). For the data analysis we resorted to AMOS program, which was used to perform confirmatory factorial analyzes, adopting the MLE (Maximum Likelihood estimator). The results of the confirmatory factorial analyzes allowed to confirm the factorial structure of the scales, which presented satisfactory adjustment indices. Considering the suitability of the proposed scales, the third study was carried out to test the model of flagrant and subtle prejudice indicating the stereotypes and causal beliefs that explain these two types of prejudice. For this, 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba cities with a mean age of 29.1 years (SD = 8.52) were enrolled. The five scales validated in studies 1 and 2, as well as a stereotype scale against schizophrenia and one of causal beliefs about mental illness were used as instruments. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were carried out through SPSS and confirmed through AMOS. It was verified that the model with two correlated factors denominated Flagrant Prejudice (gathering the dimensions: Perception of threat and Rejection to relations of intimacy) and Subtle Prejudice (grouping the dimensions: benevolence, perception of inadequacy and exaggeration of group differences) was the model that presented the best indexes of adjustment when compared with other six alternative models [χ² (18) = 61,03, p < 0,05; χ²/gl = 3,39; GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,86; CFI = 0,91; RMSEA = 0,11 (IC90% = 0,080 - 0,140); ECVI = 0,488 e CAIC = 174,39], showing evidence that there is the expression of a subtle prejudice against schizophrenia. It was also verified that the stereotype of dangerousness and the religious and psychological causal beliefs were the ones that explained the flagrant prejudice. It was also observed that stereotypes of dangerousness, attribution of penalty and disability predict subtle prejudice, as well as religious causal beliefs. With this, it is concluded that it is fundamental to work against prejudice that involves values, social norms and the culture of the Brazilian nation, considering the prejudice as produced and sustained by broader and more complex ideological webs that need to be transformed in order to a truly more just and egalitarian society |
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Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótiposPreconceitoEsquizofreniaSaúde/Doença mentalPrejudiceSchizophreniaHealth / mental illnessCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIAPrejudice against schizophrenia is a present phenomenon rooted in society. The most current studies in the area of prejudice show that it no longer occurs blatantly but has taken on more subtle forms of manifestation. Aiming at this, we propose a model of flagrant prejudice and subtle prejudice to the context of schizophrenia, indicating stereotypes and causal beliefs as explanatory variables. Three quantitative and descriptive studies were performed to reach this goal. The first one aimed at constructing and validating the scales of perception of inadequacy to the standard of normality, exaggeration of group differences and benevolence; In addition to adapting the scales of perceived threat to the mentally ill and the social distance scale facing the mentally ill. The sample had 200 students from public and private universities in cities of Paraíba, with a mean age of 25.31 years (SD = 7.21). The data were analyzed through SPSS, in which exploratory factorial analyzes were performed. The scales presented good psychometric indexes with Cronbach's Alpha ranging from 0.62 to 0.84. In order to carry out a confirmatory analysis of the structure of these measures, the second study was carried out with 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba, with a mean age of 24.82 years (SD = 6.97). For the data analysis we resorted to AMOS program, which was used to perform confirmatory factorial analyzes, adopting the MLE (Maximum Likelihood estimator). The results of the confirmatory factorial analyzes allowed to confirm the factorial structure of the scales, which presented satisfactory adjustment indices. Considering the suitability of the proposed scales, the third study was carried out to test the model of flagrant and subtle prejudice indicating the stereotypes and causal beliefs that explain these two types of prejudice. For this, 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba cities with a mean age of 29.1 years (SD = 8.52) were enrolled. The five scales validated in studies 1 and 2, as well as a stereotype scale against schizophrenia and one of causal beliefs about mental illness were used as instruments. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were carried out through SPSS and confirmed through AMOS. It was verified that the model with two correlated factors denominated Flagrant Prejudice (gathering the dimensions: Perception of threat and Rejection to relations of intimacy) and Subtle Prejudice (grouping the dimensions: benevolence, perception of inadequacy and exaggeration of group differences) was the model that presented the best indexes of adjustment when compared with other six alternative models [χ² (18) = 61,03, p < 0,05; χ²/gl = 3,39; GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,86; CFI = 0,91; RMSEA = 0,11 (IC90% = 0,080 - 0,140); ECVI = 0,488 e CAIC = 174,39], showing evidence that there is the expression of a subtle prejudice against schizophrenia. It was also verified that the stereotype of dangerousness and the religious and psychological causal beliefs were the ones that explained the flagrant prejudice. It was also observed that stereotypes of dangerousness, attribution of penalty and disability predict subtle prejudice, as well as religious causal beliefs. With this, it is concluded that it is fundamental to work against prejudice that involves values, social norms and the culture of the Brazilian nation, considering the prejudice as produced and sustained by broader and more complex ideological webs that need to be transformed in order to a truly more just and egalitarian societyConselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqO preconceito frente à esquizofrenia é um fenômeno muito presente e enraizado no tecido social. Os estudos mais atuais na área do preconceito mostram que este não ocorre mais apenas de forma flagrante, mas assumiu formas mais sutis de manifestação. Diante disso, objetivou-se propor um modelo de preconceito flagrante e preconceito sutil para o contexto da esquizofrenia indicando os estereótipos e as crenças causais como variáveis explicativas. Para o alcance desse objetivo foram realizados 3 estudos de cunho quantitativo e descritivo. O primeiro visou construir e validar as escalas de percepção de inadequação ao padrão de normalidade, exagero das diferenças grupais e benevolência; além de adaptar as escalas de percepção de ameaça frente o doente mental e a escala de distância social frente o doente mental. A amostra contou com 200 estudantes de universidades públicas e privadas de cidades da Paraíba, com média de idade de 25,31 anos (DP=7,21). Os dados foram analisados por meio do SPSS, em que foram realizadas análises fatoriais exploratórias. As escalas apresentaram bons índices psicométricos com Alfas de Cronbach variando de 0,62 a 0,84. Com o intuito de efetuar uma análise confirmatória da estrutura destas medidas, realizou-se o segundo estudo, que contou com 200 estudantes de universidades públicas e privadas de cidades da Paraíba, com média de idade de 24,82 anos (DP=6,97). Na análise dos dados foi utilizado o programa AMOS, que foi empregado para realizar análises fatoriais confirmatórias, adotando-se o estimador ML (Máxima Verossimilhança). Os resultados das análises fatoriais confirmatórias permitiram comprovar a estrutura fatorial das escalas, as quais apresentaram índices de ajustes satisfatórios. Tendo em vista a adequabilidade das escalas propostas, realizou-se o terceiro estudo com o objetivo de testar o modelo do preconceito flagrante e sutil indicando os estereótipos e as crenças causais que explicam esses dois tipos de preconceito. Para isso, contou-se com 200 estudantes de universidades públicas e privadas de cidades da Paraíba com média de idade de 29,1 anos (DP=8,52). Utilizou-se como instrumentos as cinco escalas validadas nos estudos 1 e 2, bem como uma escala de estereótipos frente à esquizofrenia e uma de crenças causais acerca das doenças mentais. Foram efetuadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais por meio do SPSS e confirmatórias por meio do AMOS. Constatou-se que o modelo com dois fatores correlacionados denominados de Preconceito Flagrante (reunindo as dimensões: Percepção de ameaça e Rejeição a relações de intimidade) e Preconceito Sutil (agrupando as dimensões: Benevolência, Percepção de Inadequação e Exagero das diferenças grupais) foi o modelo que apresentou os melhores índices de ajuste quando comparados com outros seis modelos alternativos [χ² (18) = 61,03, p < 0,05; χ²/gl = 3,39; GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,86; CFI = 0,91; RMSEA = 0,11 (IC90% = 0,080 - 0,140); ECVI = 0,488 e CAIC = 174,39], mostrando evidências de que há a expressão de um preconceito sutil frente à esquizofrenia. Verificou-se ainda que o estereótipo de periculosidade e as crenças causais religiosas e psicológicas foram as que explicaram o preconceito flagrante. Observou-se também que os estereótipos de periculosidade, atribuição de pena e incapacidade predizem o preconceito sutil, bem como as crenças causais religiosas. Com isso, conclui-se que é fundamental um trabalho de combate ao preconceito que envolva os valores, normas sociais e a própria cultura da nação brasileira, considerando o preconceito como produzido e sustentado por teias ideológicas mais amplas e complexas que precisam ser transformadas visando a uma sociedade verdadeiramente mais justa e igualitáriaUniversidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilPsicologia SocialPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia SocialUFPBMaciel, Silvana Carneirohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6245571598254760Camino, Leonciohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9098072774674013Melo, Juliana Rízia Félix de2021-01-03T14:12:48Z2019-07-082021-01-03T14:12:48Z2017-02-04info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19104porhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2021-08-19T13:42:39Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/19104Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2021-08-19T13:42:39Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
title |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
spellingShingle |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos Melo, Juliana Rízia Félix de Preconceito Esquizofrenia Saúde/Doença mental Prejudice Schizophrenia Health / mental illness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA |
title_short |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
title_full |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
title_fullStr |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
title_sort |
Preconceito flagrante e sutil frente à esquizofrenia: explicações com base em crenças causais e estereótipos |
author |
Melo, Juliana Rízia Félix de |
author_facet |
Melo, Juliana Rízia Félix de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Maciel, Silvana Carneiro http://lattes.cnpq.br/6245571598254760 Camino, Leoncio http://lattes.cnpq.br/9098072774674013 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Melo, Juliana Rízia Félix de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Preconceito Esquizofrenia Saúde/Doença mental Prejudice Schizophrenia Health / mental illness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA |
topic |
Preconceito Esquizofrenia Saúde/Doença mental Prejudice Schizophrenia Health / mental illness CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA |
description |
Prejudice against schizophrenia is a present phenomenon rooted in society. The most current studies in the area of prejudice show that it no longer occurs blatantly but has taken on more subtle forms of manifestation. Aiming at this, we propose a model of flagrant prejudice and subtle prejudice to the context of schizophrenia, indicating stereotypes and causal beliefs as explanatory variables. Three quantitative and descriptive studies were performed to reach this goal. The first one aimed at constructing and validating the scales of perception of inadequacy to the standard of normality, exaggeration of group differences and benevolence; In addition to adapting the scales of perceived threat to the mentally ill and the social distance scale facing the mentally ill. The sample had 200 students from public and private universities in cities of Paraíba, with a mean age of 25.31 years (SD = 7.21). The data were analyzed through SPSS, in which exploratory factorial analyzes were performed. The scales presented good psychometric indexes with Cronbach's Alpha ranging from 0.62 to 0.84. In order to carry out a confirmatory analysis of the structure of these measures, the second study was carried out with 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba, with a mean age of 24.82 years (SD = 6.97). For the data analysis we resorted to AMOS program, which was used to perform confirmatory factorial analyzes, adopting the MLE (Maximum Likelihood estimator). The results of the confirmatory factorial analyzes allowed to confirm the factorial structure of the scales, which presented satisfactory adjustment indices. Considering the suitability of the proposed scales, the third study was carried out to test the model of flagrant and subtle prejudice indicating the stereotypes and causal beliefs that explain these two types of prejudice. For this, 200 students from public and private universities in Paraíba cities with a mean age of 29.1 years (SD = 8.52) were enrolled. The five scales validated in studies 1 and 2, as well as a stereotype scale against schizophrenia and one of causal beliefs about mental illness were used as instruments. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were carried out through SPSS and confirmed through AMOS. It was verified that the model with two correlated factors denominated Flagrant Prejudice (gathering the dimensions: Perception of threat and Rejection to relations of intimacy) and Subtle Prejudice (grouping the dimensions: benevolence, perception of inadequacy and exaggeration of group differences) was the model that presented the best indexes of adjustment when compared with other six alternative models [χ² (18) = 61,03, p < 0,05; χ²/gl = 3,39; GFI = 0,93; AGFI = 0,86; CFI = 0,91; RMSEA = 0,11 (IC90% = 0,080 - 0,140); ECVI = 0,488 e CAIC = 174,39], showing evidence that there is the expression of a subtle prejudice against schizophrenia. It was also verified that the stereotype of dangerousness and the religious and psychological causal beliefs were the ones that explained the flagrant prejudice. It was also observed that stereotypes of dangerousness, attribution of penalty and disability predict subtle prejudice, as well as religious causal beliefs. With this, it is concluded that it is fundamental to work against prejudice that involves values, social norms and the culture of the Brazilian nation, considering the prejudice as produced and sustained by broader and more complex ideological webs that need to be transformed in order to a truly more just and egalitarian society |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-02-04 2019-07-08 2021-01-03T14:12:48Z 2021-01-03T14:12:48Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19104 |
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https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19104 |
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por |
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por |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Psicologia Social Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Psicologia Social Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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