Fenologia, qualidade de diásporos e micropropagação de baraúna (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler.)

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Edna de Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/14532
• topic: Semiárido; Fenologia; Qualidade fisiológica; Raios X,; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The baraúna (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler) is a species of the Caatinga that stands out for its timber potential , medicinal use and forest restoration, but is threatened with extinction due to overutilization . Thus, this research aimed to study the phenological events, assess the physical, physiological and sanitary quality, analyze the pre -germination treatments, X-ray test and micropropagation of diasporas baraúna. Phenology was developed in the farm Açude, municipality of Soledade - PB . The remaining studies were conducted in the Laboratório de Análise de sementes e Biotecnologia vegetal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba and the X-ray test in Laboratório de Sementes da Universidade Fedetal de lavras. For phenology were selected, marked and monitored biweekly 30 individual trees, quantifying phenology, using as evaluation method the index of activity and intensity Fournier, recording the presence and absence of phenophases budding, senescence, flowering, immature fruit and mature fruit , correlating with rainfall data. As physical, physiological and sanitary quality seeds of four lots of different sources were evaluated by assessing the length , width and thickness of fruits and diasporas, to perform following physiological tests of germination and vigor . For health test used the method of Blotter Test. For breaking dormancy , in Experiment 1 , we used the pre -germination treatments: control (T0) , total removal of the endocarp (T1), mechanical scarification with sandpaper (T1) without (T2) and soaked in water for 12 (T3) and 24 hours (T4) and cutting (T5), for Experiment 2 , we used immersion in hot water at temperatures of 70 , 80 , 90 and 100 º C , by assessing the percentage of emergence , speed index emergency , percentage of abnormal seedlings , percentage of seeds infested by insects, shriveled , dead , length and dry weight of roots and shoots . As for X-ray analysis was performed for the four lots , through exposure of the seeds in the X -ray machine brand Faxitron © HP MX - 20 with 26kv intensity and exposure time of approximately 16 seconds. From the image analysis , we proceeded to split into three categories : full seeds , damaged by insects , and shriveled . After X-ray analysis was carried out germination tests. For micropropagation was evaluated pre -germination treatment with different doses of sucrose , we tested different culture media : MS, MS1/2, MPM, B5, and in the proliferation assay for four dosages used and benzylaminopurine naphthalene acetic acid . The design used for all experiments was randomized and the data subjected to analysis of variance and the averages were compared by Tukey test at 5 % probability , with the exception of pre -germination treatments that was the Scott Knott . The stages of vegetative and reproductive development Schinopsis brasiliensis is directly related to the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall pulses. The dimensions of fruit and diasporas baraúna independent lot or provenance . The low germination percentage of the lot is influenced by the high presence of seeds damaged by insects and secondly by the presence of xx shriveled seeds. The main fungi associated with seeds of baraúna are Chaetomium sp. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. The removal of the endocarp is the pre -germination treatment recommended for the dormancy of the seeds of baraúna. The X-ray test is efficient to evaluate the internal damage in seeds baraúna and regardless of the cause affect germination. The concentration of 20 gL- 1 sucrose provides higher germination and seedling vigor in vitro. The B5 medium is recommended for seed germination baraúna in vitro and multiplication and regeneration in vitro are affected by elevated release of phenolic compounds of explants.