Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22506 |
Resumo: | This dissertation aims to show that justice is the virtue par excellence for both Plato and Aristotle. Our theoretical framework is the works The Republic and Nicomachean Ethics, respectively. The research takes as a starting point some Socratic dialogues that precede the Republic seeking to analyze the discussions of the character Socrates with his interlocutors about the definition of virtue. It is evident, then, that in each dialogue that precedes the Republic, virtue is presented in a different way. Now it presents itself as a unitary, sometimes as multiple, receiving different definitions or even ending in aporia. In the first chapter, we show that in order to understand Plato's concept of virtue, it is necessary to analyze the dialogues together, as it points to a general definition. Although the answers are inconclusive, they signal the philosophical character that is the search for the essence and foundation of things. In the second chapter, we show that in the Republic, Plato tries to define the essence of justice, but before defining it, it is necessary to demonstrate that it is virtue. He presents a definition of virtue without incurring aporia, defining justice as the virtue of virtues, that is, virtue par excellence. It is the condition of possibility and, at the same time, aggregator of the other virtues, such as: courage, harmony and wisdom. The righteous man is necessarily courageous, balanced and wise. In the third and final chapter, we show how Plato's ethicalpolitical thought echoes in Aristotle, who, in turn, takes up the problem of virtue by articulating it with ethics and politics and, like Plato, he demonstrates that justice is the most excellent of virtues, for it is the most perfect and, therefore, superior to all. |
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Justiça e virtude em Platão e AristótelesPlatãoAristótelesVirtudeJustiçaÉticaPlatoAristotleVirtueJusticeEthicCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIAThis dissertation aims to show that justice is the virtue par excellence for both Plato and Aristotle. Our theoretical framework is the works The Republic and Nicomachean Ethics, respectively. The research takes as a starting point some Socratic dialogues that precede the Republic seeking to analyze the discussions of the character Socrates with his interlocutors about the definition of virtue. It is evident, then, that in each dialogue that precedes the Republic, virtue is presented in a different way. Now it presents itself as a unitary, sometimes as multiple, receiving different definitions or even ending in aporia. In the first chapter, we show that in order to understand Plato's concept of virtue, it is necessary to analyze the dialogues together, as it points to a general definition. Although the answers are inconclusive, they signal the philosophical character that is the search for the essence and foundation of things. In the second chapter, we show that in the Republic, Plato tries to define the essence of justice, but before defining it, it is necessary to demonstrate that it is virtue. He presents a definition of virtue without incurring aporia, defining justice as the virtue of virtues, that is, virtue par excellence. It is the condition of possibility and, at the same time, aggregator of the other virtues, such as: courage, harmony and wisdom. The righteous man is necessarily courageous, balanced and wise. In the third and final chapter, we show how Plato's ethicalpolitical thought echoes in Aristotle, who, in turn, takes up the problem of virtue by articulating it with ethics and politics and, like Plato, he demonstrates that justice is the most excellent of virtues, for it is the most perfect and, therefore, superior to all.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESEssa dissertação tem como objetivo mostrar que a justiça é a virtude por excelência tanto para Platão como para Aristóteles. Nosso referencial teórico são as obras A República e a Ética a Nicômaco, respectivamente. A pesquisa toma como ponto de partida alguns diálogos socráticos que antecedem a República buscando analisar as discussões da personagem Sócrates com seus interlocutores acerca da definição de virtude. Evidencia-se, então, que, em cada diálogo que antecede a República, a virtude é apresentada de maneira distinta. Ora se apresenta como unitária, ora como múltipla, recebendo diversas definições ou até mesmo desembocando em aporia. Mostramos, no primeiro capítulo, que para compreendermos o conceito de virtude em Platão se faz necessário analisar os diálogos em conjunto, pois aponta para uma definição geral. Ainda que as respostas sejam inconclusivas, elas assinalam o caráter filosófico que é a busca pela essência e fundamento das coisas. No segundo capítulo, mostramos que na República, Platão tenta definir a essência da justiça, mas antes de defini-la é preciso demonstrar que ela é virtude. Ele apresenta uma definição de virtude sem incorrer em aporia, definindo a justiça como a virtude das virtudes, isto é, a virtude par excellence. Ela é a condição de possibilidade e, ao mesmo tempo, agregadora das demais virtudes, tais como: coragem, harmonia e sabedoria. O homem justo é, necessariamente, corajoso, equilibrado e sábio. No terceiro e último capítulo, mostramos como o pensamento ético-político de Platão ecoa em Aristóteles, que, por sua vez, retoma o problema da virtude articulando-o à ética e à política e, do mesmo modo que Platão, ele demonstra que a justiça é a mais excelente das virtudes, pois é a mais perfeita e, portanto, superior a todas.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilFilosofiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUFPBFerreira, Anderson Darchttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4759086506032070Silva, Edson de Oliveira2022-03-24T18:53:34Z2021-03-292022-03-24T18:53:34Z2020-11-30info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22506porAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2022-04-05T18:24:13Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/22506Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2022-04-05T18:24:13Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
title |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
spellingShingle |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles Silva, Edson de Oliveira Platão Aristóteles Virtude Justiça Ética Plato Aristotle Virtue Justice Ethic CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
title_short |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
title_full |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
title_fullStr |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
title_sort |
Justiça e virtude em Platão e Aristóteles |
author |
Silva, Edson de Oliveira |
author_facet |
Silva, Edson de Oliveira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Ferreira, Anderson Darc http://lattes.cnpq.br/4759086506032070 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Edson de Oliveira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Platão Aristóteles Virtude Justiça Ética Plato Aristotle Virtue Justice Ethic CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
topic |
Platão Aristóteles Virtude Justiça Ética Plato Aristotle Virtue Justice Ethic CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA |
description |
This dissertation aims to show that justice is the virtue par excellence for both Plato and Aristotle. Our theoretical framework is the works The Republic and Nicomachean Ethics, respectively. The research takes as a starting point some Socratic dialogues that precede the Republic seeking to analyze the discussions of the character Socrates with his interlocutors about the definition of virtue. It is evident, then, that in each dialogue that precedes the Republic, virtue is presented in a different way. Now it presents itself as a unitary, sometimes as multiple, receiving different definitions or even ending in aporia. In the first chapter, we show that in order to understand Plato's concept of virtue, it is necessary to analyze the dialogues together, as it points to a general definition. Although the answers are inconclusive, they signal the philosophical character that is the search for the essence and foundation of things. In the second chapter, we show that in the Republic, Plato tries to define the essence of justice, but before defining it, it is necessary to demonstrate that it is virtue. He presents a definition of virtue without incurring aporia, defining justice as the virtue of virtues, that is, virtue par excellence. It is the condition of possibility and, at the same time, aggregator of the other virtues, such as: courage, harmony and wisdom. The righteous man is necessarily courageous, balanced and wise. In the third and final chapter, we show how Plato's ethicalpolitical thought echoes in Aristotle, who, in turn, takes up the problem of virtue by articulating it with ethics and politics and, like Plato, he demonstrates that justice is the most excellent of virtues, for it is the most perfect and, therefore, superior to all. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-11-30 2021-03-29 2022-03-24T18:53:34Z 2022-03-24T18:53:34Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22506 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22506 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
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Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Filosofia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Filosofia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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