La constitución de la categoría "agricultura familiar" en Brasil a partir de la perspectiva de la legibilidad y de los márgenes del estado

• Autor(a) principal: Belem, Régis da Cunha
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Outros Autores: Radomsky, Guilherme Francisco Waterloo
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: spa
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/180318
• topic: Agricultura familiar; Políticas públicas; Sindicalismo rural; Política governamental; Family farming; Public policies; Rural unionism; Legibility; Margins; State; Agricultura familiar; Políticas públicas; Sindicalismo rural; Legibilidad; Márgenes; Estado

By revisiting the establishment of family farming as a political category in Brazil, which was the culmination of a period of struggles undertaken by unions of land workers, this paper proposes to analyze its role from its performance in the margins of the State and in the light of the legibility perspective. The distinction between small and large producers organized the debates of the Constitutional Assembly (1987-88) and the Agricultural Act (1991) and their acknowledgement led to the institutionalization of specific public policies, among which Pronaf, a funding program, stands out. As a precedent event to this policy, a FAO/INCRA research was key as a legibility practice, providing a metric for understanding this population – then quantified and stratified - and establishing its characteristics and problems, pointing the action to be followed by the government policy. By providing social legitimacy and to acknowledge the demands of rural unionism, in the last two decades the public policy implemented a set of actions aimed at strengthening family farming, thus allowing them or at least part of this population, to “make them live”. Thus, in the post-democratization period, the resumption of social organization in the countryside and the promotion of struggles for better living and working conditions forged a process from the margins, focusing on the legibility of this population, constituting diverse ways of fitting into the standards and categories of the State, coproducing them, but also, in the same process, coproducing themselves.