Avalia??o da composi??o do ?leo de semente de ab?bora (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) e moranga (Cucurbita maxima Duch.)

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, J?lio Cesar de
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3164
• topic: ?leo; Semente; Ab?bora; Moranga; Qualidade; oil; seed; pumpkin; quality; Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos

The species Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin) originated in central Mexico and Cucurbita maxima (Squash) is originally from the region encompassing southern Peru, Bolivia and northern Argentina. So they are typically tropical plants whose culture was already being practiced by the natives centuries before european colonization. In Brazil the production of pumpkin and squash is estimated at 385.000 tons of fruit, occupying an area of approximately 88.200 ha, mainly of small and medium producers, putting them between the major vegetables produced in the country generating waste such as bark and seeds. Among the waste seeds are important sources of oils with nutritional relevance, industrial and pharmaceutical industries. The vegetable oil consumption is increasing worldwide superseding the use of animal fats. Due to this increase in consumption has been sought alternative sources of obtaining these worldwide. The interest in the collection and evaluation of oil pumpkin seed arose due to the growing demand for healthier foods and/or have specific action beneficial to humans. The seeds were sent by Embrapa Hortali?as previously processed for Embrapa Alimentos where analyzes were performed peroxide value, acid value, oxidative stability index, conjugated dienes, unsaponifiable matter, content of fatty acids and carotenoid oil extracted by pressing and soxhlet method. Statistical analysis was performed by comparison of means test (Fisher-LSD) at 5% probability. the high oil content (37, 85% to 39.34% for pumpkin and squash) shows the potential for extraction press, and quality analyzes indicate that care should be taken in the processing of seeds due to high peroxide content 23.18 to 21.54 meq/kg pumpkin seed and 10.71 and 8.06 meq/kg of pumpkin seed to solvent extraction and press respectively. The oxidative stability index of 6.52 and 6.59 hours for squash and pumpkin are considered low and the presence of conjugated diene (0.63% and 0.37%) is high. The main fatty acids are palmitic acid (11.78% and 14.17%), stearic acid (9.55% and 10.48%), oleic (26.3% and 23.5%) and linoleic acid (50.79% and 49.11%) for seed squash and pumpkin. The major phytosterols were found spinasterol + ?7, 22, 25 estigmastatrienol (41.40% and 35.07%), ?7, 25 estigmastadienol (19.46 and 21.11%) to squash and pumpkin respectively. the total carotenoids 9.88 ?g/mL for pumpkin and 4.65 ?g/mL for squash is considered low and the major carotenoids are lutein and ?-carotene. Pumpkin seeds and Squash are alternative sources of nutrients for human nutrition because they present in their chemical composition satisfactory concentrations of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Through the analysis performed in this study these seeds can be an alternative source nutritional, pharmaceutical and industries.