Disposi??o final de ?gua residu?ria de suinocultura em um solo cultivado com milho (Zea Mays L.) sob um sistema org?nico de produ??o

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Daniel Gomes de
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5198
• topic: Efluente su?no; Aduba??o org?nica; Integra??o; Swine wastewater; Organic fertilization; Integration; Engenharia Agr?cola

Studies show a potential use of wastewater produced in animal husbandry in the fertilization of agricultural crops. Faced with this reality, this study aimed to evaluate the disposal of wastewater from different doses of swine (ARS) in a Fragiaquult cultivated with maize (Zea mays L). To this, there were built facilities for swine production and management of liquid waste management in the experimental area of the Technical College of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (CTUR) Serop?dica, RJ. The climate is defined as Aw in the K?ppen classification. Two periods of evaluation were carried out (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), in which it was quantified gain weight of crossbred pigs submitted to diet recommended for organic livestock systems, and the liquid waste produced in the two lots of animals were quantified and characterized. It was also monitored soil chemichal properties of the experimental plots, up to 0.60 m depth. This was complemented by quantification of nitrogen volatilization derived from coverage fertilization applied on corn crop, variety BRS Eldourado. The treatments consisted in applying two cover fertilization: with amounts of 20, 40, 60, and 80 m3 ha-1 ARS, and castor cake in the amount of 450 kg ha-1 (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively). Finally, phytotechnical features in two cycles of corn cultivation were evaluated, and it was quantified the production of spikelets of baby corn and the crop grain production. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and six repetitions each. The animal average food intake, the average weight gain, and the production of ARS per animal were: 4.44 kg day-1 , 0.433 kg day-1 , 3.37 L day-1 respectively. The concentration of analyzed nutrients in the ARS was lower when compared to conventional pig farming systems. Only the treatments T3, T4 and T5 promoted significant changes in the soil chemical characteristics, in the 0 - 0.20 m depth, at the end of the corn crop. For the depth of 0.20 - 0.40 m, only calcium showed a significant increase in the T4 and T5 treatment, compared to the the soil at the beginning of the crop cycle. At the 0.40 - 0.60 m depth, none of the treatments caused a significant change in soil chemical properties. The treatment with fertilizing coverage using castor bean showed higher volatilization of nitrogen, which was about 359% higher than the treatments with ARS. None of the applied treatments caused a significant difference for the variables: plant height, stem diamete, and spikelet's of baby corn. For the spikelet variable there was a significant production increase only between the applied treatments and the control. In the two years of cultivation the treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 provided a higher grain production compared to the control (T6). In this context it can be said that the ARS application is a viable alternative for fertilization of corn, in the soil conditions evaluated, as well as an appropriate way of disposal of this effluent.