Diagnose e filogenia molecular de digen?ticos Cladorchiidae (Paramphistomoidea) e Cryptogonimidae (Opisthotchioidea) parasitos de peixes dulc?colas na Am?rica do Sul

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Camila Santos Pantoja de
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5617
• topic: Prospec??o molecular; Sistem?tica; Trematoda; Peixes dulc?colas; Molecular prospecting; Systematic; Freshwater fishes; Parasitologia

Morphological and genetic studies of digeneans parasites of fishes in South American are great relevance in order to contribute to the knowledge of this fauna that has not yet been explored, to allow the validation of most of the classic delineation of the taxa and to clarify areas where the classical approach alone has failed. The present work aimed to study the digeneans of the Cladorchiidae and Cryptogonimidae parasites of freshwater fishes in South America using tools of integrative taxonomy. Between 2003 and 2018 fish from different basins in this region were necropsied. After being captured, the fish were analyzed for parasite collection. The digeneans found were studied by light microscopy, SEM and through molecular analysis. Cladorchiids and cryptogonimids (types and vouchers) deposited in helminthological collections were also studied. In the chapter I, the genus Goeldamphistomum was proposed to accommodate Goeldamphistomum amazonum and G. peruanum. The genus Iquistostrema was proposed to accommodate Iquitostrema papillatum. These three new species of Cladorchiidae were described in Siluriformes fishes in the Amazon basin, Peru. In the Chapter II, the first phylogenetic analysis of cladorchiids was performed from 28S rDNA, ITS2 rDNA and cox1 mtDNA sequences. Fourteen species were found in Characiformes, Perciformes and Siluriformes fishes in Brazil and Peru, being three new for the science, Microrchis sp. in Pimelodella cristata, Pronamphistoma sp. from Heros sp. and Pseudocladorchis sp. in Pterodoras granulosus. In the Chapter III, a partial sequence was generated of 28S rDNA of Pseudosellacotyla lutzi parasite of Hoplias malabaricus and the position in phylogenetic analysis within Crytogonimidae was confirmed corroborating with the last proposed classification. Details of their tegument were observed for the first time through SEM. In Chapter IV, Acanthostomum gnerii (Cryptogonimidae) was studied through 28S rDNA, cox1 mtDNA sequences and SEM. This is the first record of the species in the Marapanim river, Par?, Brazil. The descriptions of three new genera, six new species and new molecular data for fourteen species show how still incipient our knowledge about cladorquiids and cryptogonimids in South America.