Estudo de alguns aspectos do desenvolvimento biol?gico e do comportamento, em laborat?rio, de Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus,1758) (Diptera: muscidae)

• Autor(a) principal: Mello, Rubens Pinto de
• Data de Publicação: 1989
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3945
• topic: Medicina Veterin?ria; Medicina Veterin?ria

A colony of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) was established at the W.O. Neitz Parasitology Research Station, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, starting with adults caught as the Station. Observations on the biology of this species were carried out in three different environments: at 18?C or 27?C with RH% of 70-80% (constant conditions), or under variable conditions. Initially, at 27?C and with RH at 70-80%, one female and two males were kept together in cages for observations on the following parameters: number of females actually laying eggs, the number of eggs per female, the periodicity of oviposition and the longevity of the females. After four attempts (6 females at the first and second, 7 at the third and 8 at the fourth), of a total of 27 females only 10 (37%) oviposited, producing a total of 2,254 eggs, with a mean of 83.4 eggs/female. Eggs were laid in a period of 3 to 17 days and the number of ovipositions varied from one to 7. The intervals between ovipositions were also variable, being xviii. from less than 24 h to 6 days. It was verified that under constant conditions of 18?C and 70-80% RH, there was a delay in the development of all stages in the life-cycle, culminating in the mortality of all the larvae derived from females kept under these conditions, indicating that they are inappropriate for the development of S. calcitrans. Under constant environmental conditions of 27?C and 70-80% RH, high productivity was observed in the females, and optimal biological performance in relation to the development of the larval and pupal stages, as well as the longevity of the females. Under variable enviromental conditions, some differences in behaviour were shown to those mentioned above; when changes in the environment were abrupt, their negative effect was marked, especially in the case of an increase in temperature, which provoked high mortality. When such variations involved decreases in temperature, the productivity of the colony was reduced without, however, causing high mortality. At the same time, longevity was increased. Experiments with female S. calcitrans fed with blood from different hosts (cattle, sheep, swine and horses) showed marked differences in reproductive performance. Blood from swine was shown to be the most efficient in terms of the production of eggs, followed by cattle, sheep and, finally, horses. This difference cannot be attributed to the quantity of blood xix. ingested since the largest amount was taken by flies feeding on sheep blood.