Morcegos Phyllostomidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera) em um remanescente de Floresta Atl?ntica no sudeste do Brasil: composi??o de esp?cies, sazonalidade e frugivoria

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Luiz Antonio Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3253
• topic: Unidade de Conserva??o; frutos maduros; frug?voros; fenologia reprodutiva; riqueza de esp?cies; conservation unit; reproductive phenology; frugivorous; ripe fruits; species richnes; Ecologia

About 75% of Phyllostomidae bat species have been recorded feeding on fruits. Nevertheless, a bit is known about how much the food availability affects Phyllostomidae bats. The goals herein were to list the Phyllostomidae bat specie, to test whether there is variation in this bat assemblage and to evaluate whether the ripe fruits availability affects the abundance, richness and diet of frugivorous bat from an Atlantic Forest remnant. This study was carried out from September 2011 to September 2012 in two trails from Parque Natural Municipal do Curi?, placed in municipality of Paracambi, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. To catch bats, mist nets were opened at all night near to plant with ripe fruits. The availability of ripe fruits was analyzed through counting individuals with ripe fruits and estimating the number of ripe fruits by plant. A total of 51,840 m?.h of sampling effort was carried out and 850 catches (being 84 recaptures) of 18 bat species were caught. Myotis riparius (Vespertilionidae) was the only non-Phyllostomidae specie caught. Artibeus lituratus and Carollia perspicillata were the most abundant species. The collector?s curve did not stabilize, being estimated 21 ? 2 Phyllostomidae species for the park. Six families, 19 species and 775 observations of plants with fruits were sampled. Rainy months showed the most number of plants with fruits, and the most number of richness and frugivorous bat catches. There wasn?t variation on fruits abundance throughout the year. Richness and abundance of bats answered positively to the number of plants with ripe fruits. The fruit abundance didn?t affect the richness nor abundance of frugivorous bats. A total of 383 fecal samples were collected. Of these total, 196 fecal samples had seeds. Twenty two sorts of fruit were identified, being one identified in family level, one in subfamily level, six in generic level and 14 in species level. Piperaceae was the most abundant family with the most richness of ripe fruits plants. Even though has existed variation in frugivorous bat assemblage during the year in study area, there wasn?t shortage of ripe fruits to frugivorous in part of the year. In this study was highlighted the zoochoric plants diversity is important to determine the frugivorous bat abundance in a certain place. Furthermore, the occurrence of specie indicator of good quality habitats (e.g. Chrotopterus auritus) and species threatened with extinction (e.g. Chiroderma doriae) indicate the park is an important forest remnant for the bat conservation.