Diversidade floral dos m?is da abelha mel?fera africanizada (Apis mellifera Linaeus) do estado do Rio de Janeiro por meio da an?lise melissopalinol?gica

• Autor(a) principal: Hadamus, Susana Linhares
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1879
• topic: beekeeping; pollen types; label; figurative elements; trophic niche; apicultura; tipos pol?nicos; r?tulo; elementos figurativos; nicho tr?fico; Produ??o Animal

The identification of the blossoms in honeys for marketing is a major challenge for the Brazilian beekeeping sector, which requires information on the botanical and geographical origin of honey and also assist in quality control of this bee product. The aim of this study is to identify the plant species that contribute mostly to the production of honey in the state of Rio de Janeiro, to evaluate the floral origin presents on the label is in line with the laboratory method, and check the quality of the product according to the presence of figurative elements. 152 honey samples were acquired in trade from the state of Rio de Janeiro, among informal and legalized brands. The melissopalinological analysis followed the European standard methodology without acetolysis, to identify the pollen types, their percentages in the sample and their arrangement in the frequency classes. Were identified 60 pollen types, belonging to 27 plant families, 34 genera and nine species. Fabaceae and Asteraceae presented the highest diversity of pollen types. Of all pollen types, 31% were more frequent as Eucalyptus sp., Myrcia sp. and Piptadenia sp. According to the predominance of pollen types in the honey samples, 58.5% were honeys classified as unifloral, the major is Eucalipto honey; 35.5% were heterofloral and 8% bifloral. In the melissopalinological analysis there was an important difference in the floral diversity from the report of the samples and from the frequency of sampling. When the floral identification is made from lab and check the brands of the honeys, there was a difference; only 13% from 89 monofloral samples were in agreement with its botanical origin; five were Eucalyptus, three Citrus, two Vernonia and two Gochnatia. The analysis of the figurative elements in the honey samples, either biological origin or dust, was high (73% of samples). In the sampling, 58% did not obey the standards and quality of honey, due to the presence of microorganism and distiness.