Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFS |
Texto Completo: | http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/16349 |
Resumo: | Housing self-construction uses the residents as agents for the planning, management, and execution of their homes. In general, this construction regime is not monitored by specialized professionals. Although such a mode of production is a common feature in the Brazilian housing scenario, self-construction is generally associated with the low-income population. This is because access to the formal housing market is not democratic. Thus, the population that does not have enough income finds alternatives in the autonomous production of their residences in places far from the urban center and / or in irregular lots. In this sense, the present work consisted of making a diagnosis about the practices of self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju / SE. Thus, sought to understand the phenomenon of selfconstruction from the perspective of three of its agents: self-builders, Technical Assistance for Social Interest Housing (ATHIS) professionals and public authorities. To this end, an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach was developed, in which questionnaires, interviews with specific audiences and photographic records were used as research tools. As a result, an overview of the self-construction was traced based on the profile of the residents, on the conditions of implementation of the lot, on the peculiarities of the execution process and on the construction techniques used. Still, it was noticed that there is no active role of the public authorities in this type of housing, since its action is mostly supervisory, in the sense of just following the growth of the city and the emergence of precarious settlements. In this way, existing public housing policies are based on the removal and relocation of the family in line with the housing programs launched by the Federal Government, but there is no formal ATHIS program or incentive for assisted selfconstruction. When analyzing the work developed by ATHIS professionals, this lack of incentive or assistance on the part of public entities was reinforced, since the financing of the activities was through the resources of the residents or through an announcement from the Sergipe Architecture and Urbanism Council (CAU / SE). Also, it was identified that the inefficiency of public action, the lack of interested technical professionals and bureaucracy were the main difficulties for the implementation of ATHIS in the municipalities. With this, it is concluded that self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju/SE can be characterized by the evolution and autonomy of the residents, since it is often consolidated through repeated interruptions and with no prospect of completion, it is still shaped by the from the initiative and work of the residents themselves, with the help of family members or hired professionals, generally without the guidance of a technical person and under the omission of the government. Finally, it is expected that the survey on self-construction practices and the actors involved in them, as a result, this work can contribute to stimulating discussions on the subject and the proposition of public policies that address the demands and specificities of self-builders. |
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Viana, Marina RibeiroSantos, Débora de Gois2022-10-03T20:13:22Z2022-10-03T20:13:22Z2021-05-31VIANA, Marina Ribeiro. Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE. 2021. 222 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2021.http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/16349Housing self-construction uses the residents as agents for the planning, management, and execution of their homes. In general, this construction regime is not monitored by specialized professionals. Although such a mode of production is a common feature in the Brazilian housing scenario, self-construction is generally associated with the low-income population. This is because access to the formal housing market is not democratic. Thus, the population that does not have enough income finds alternatives in the autonomous production of their residences in places far from the urban center and / or in irregular lots. In this sense, the present work consisted of making a diagnosis about the practices of self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju / SE. Thus, sought to understand the phenomenon of selfconstruction from the perspective of three of its agents: self-builders, Technical Assistance for Social Interest Housing (ATHIS) professionals and public authorities. To this end, an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach was developed, in which questionnaires, interviews with specific audiences and photographic records were used as research tools. As a result, an overview of the self-construction was traced based on the profile of the residents, on the conditions of implementation of the lot, on the peculiarities of the execution process and on the construction techniques used. Still, it was noticed that there is no active role of the public authorities in this type of housing, since its action is mostly supervisory, in the sense of just following the growth of the city and the emergence of precarious settlements. In this way, existing public housing policies are based on the removal and relocation of the family in line with the housing programs launched by the Federal Government, but there is no formal ATHIS program or incentive for assisted selfconstruction. When analyzing the work developed by ATHIS professionals, this lack of incentive or assistance on the part of public entities was reinforced, since the financing of the activities was through the resources of the residents or through an announcement from the Sergipe Architecture and Urbanism Council (CAU / SE). Also, it was identified that the inefficiency of public action, the lack of interested technical professionals and bureaucracy were the main difficulties for the implementation of ATHIS in the municipalities. With this, it is concluded that self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju/SE can be characterized by the evolution and autonomy of the residents, since it is often consolidated through repeated interruptions and with no prospect of completion, it is still shaped by the from the initiative and work of the residents themselves, with the help of family members or hired professionals, generally without the guidance of a technical person and under the omission of the government. Finally, it is expected that the survey on self-construction practices and the actors involved in them, as a result, this work can contribute to stimulating discussions on the subject and the proposition of public policies that address the demands and specificities of self-builders.A autoconstrução habitacional utiliza os próprios moradores como agente do processo de planejamento, gestão e execução das suas casas. Em geral, esse regime de construção não tem o acompanhamento de profissionais especializados. Embora, tal modo de produção seja uma característica comum no cenário habitacional brasileiro, a autoconstrução é geralmente associada à população de baixa renda. Isso ocorre pois o acesso ao mercado formal de habitação não é democrático. Assim, a população que não dispõe de renda suficiente encontra alternativas na produção autônoma de suas residências em locais afastados do centro urbano e/ou em lotes irregulares. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho consistiu em realizar um diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE. Destarte, buscou-se entender o fenômeno da autoconstrução sob a perspectiva de três de seus agentes: poder público, profissionais da Assistência Técnica de Habitações de Interesse Social (ATHIS) e autoconstrutores. Para tal, desenvolveu-se um estudo exploratório-descritivo, no qual utilizou-se como ferramentas de pesquisa questionários, entrevistas com público específico e registro fotográfico. Essa pesquisa foi iniciou-se com a realização de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, que subsidiou as bases teóricas e elaboração das ferramentas de pesquisa utilizadas, posteriormente realizou-se entrevistas e aplicação de questionário com os três agentes alvo desta dissertação. Como resultado, traçou-se um apanhado sobre a autoconstrução com base no perfil dos moradores, nas condições de implantação do lote, nas peculiaridades do processo de execução e nas técnicas construtivas utilizadas. Ainda, percebeu-se que não há atuação ativa do poder público nesse tipo de habitação, visto que sua ação é majoritariamente fiscalizadora, no sentido de apenas acompanhar o crescimento da cidade e o surgimento dos assentamentos precários. Dessa maneira, políticas públicas habitacionais existentes são pautadas na remoção e na realocação de família em alinhamento aos programas habitacionais lançados pelo Governo Federal, mas não há programa formalizado de ATHIS ou de incentivo à autoconstrução assistida. Ao analisar os trabalhos desenvolvidos pelos profissionais de ATHIS, essa falta de incentivo ou auxílio por parte dos entes públicos foi reforçada, visto que o financiamento das atividades foi através do recurso dos próprios moradores ou a partir de edital do Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo de Sergipe (CAU/SE). Também, identificou-se que a ineficiência da atuação pública, a falta de profissionais técnicos interessados e a burocracia foram as principais dificuldades para implementação da ATHIS nos municípios. Com isso, conclui-se que a autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE pode ser caracterizada pela evolução e pela autonomia dos moradores, uma vez que, muitas vezes se consolida por meio de repetidas interrupções e sem perspectiva de conclusão, ainda é moldada a partir da iniciativa e do trabalho dos próprios moradores, com ajuda de familiares ou profissionais contratados (pedreiros e serventes), em geral sem a orientação de um responsável técnico e sob a omissão do poder público. Por fim, espera-se que o levantamento sobre as práticas de autoconstrução e dos atores envolvidos nestas, resultado desse trabalho, possa contribuir para estimular as discussões sobre o tema e a proposição de políticas públicas que contemplem as demandas e especificidades dos autoconstrutores.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESSão CristóvãoporEngenharia civilAutoconstruçãoHabitação de interesse socialProdução habitacionalSelf-constructionSocial interest housingHousing productionENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVILDiagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SEinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisPós-Graduação em Engenharia CivilUniversidade Federal de Sergipereponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81475https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/16349/1/license.txt098cbbf65c2c15e1fb2e49c5d306a44cMD51ORIGINALMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdfMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdfapplication/pdf4830318https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/16349/2/MARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf9a97c70fe59ccc7d8ee83c819a61ef07MD52TEXTMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.txtMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain437500https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/16349/3/MARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.txt8ed0ee154755d1a73f8a090bc8140b74MD53THUMBNAILMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.jpgMARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1231https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/16349/4/MARINA_RIBEIRO_VIANA.pdf.jpg8260968b8acabef3f20c6be912493bf9MD54riufs/163492022-10-03 17:13:22.616oai:ufs.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2022-10-03T20:13:22Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
title |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
spellingShingle |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE Viana, Marina Ribeiro Engenharia civil Autoconstrução Habitação de interesse social Produção habitacional Self-construction Social interest housing Housing production ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
title_short |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
title_full |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
title_fullStr |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
title_sort |
Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE |
author |
Viana, Marina Ribeiro |
author_facet |
Viana, Marina Ribeiro |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Viana, Marina Ribeiro |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Débora de Gois |
contributor_str_mv |
Santos, Débora de Gois |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia civil Autoconstrução Habitação de interesse social Produção habitacional |
topic |
Engenharia civil Autoconstrução Habitação de interesse social Produção habitacional Self-construction Social interest housing Housing production ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Self-construction Social interest housing Housing production |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL |
description |
Housing self-construction uses the residents as agents for the planning, management, and execution of their homes. In general, this construction regime is not monitored by specialized professionals. Although such a mode of production is a common feature in the Brazilian housing scenario, self-construction is generally associated with the low-income population. This is because access to the formal housing market is not democratic. Thus, the population that does not have enough income finds alternatives in the autonomous production of their residences in places far from the urban center and / or in irregular lots. In this sense, the present work consisted of making a diagnosis about the practices of self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju / SE. Thus, sought to understand the phenomenon of selfconstruction from the perspective of three of its agents: self-builders, Technical Assistance for Social Interest Housing (ATHIS) professionals and public authorities. To this end, an exploratory-descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach was developed, in which questionnaires, interviews with specific audiences and photographic records were used as research tools. As a result, an overview of the self-construction was traced based on the profile of the residents, on the conditions of implementation of the lot, on the peculiarities of the execution process and on the construction techniques used. Still, it was noticed that there is no active role of the public authorities in this type of housing, since its action is mostly supervisory, in the sense of just following the growth of the city and the emergence of precarious settlements. In this way, existing public housing policies are based on the removal and relocation of the family in line with the housing programs launched by the Federal Government, but there is no formal ATHIS program or incentive for assisted selfconstruction. When analyzing the work developed by ATHIS professionals, this lack of incentive or assistance on the part of public entities was reinforced, since the financing of the activities was through the resources of the residents or through an announcement from the Sergipe Architecture and Urbanism Council (CAU / SE). Also, it was identified that the inefficiency of public action, the lack of interested technical professionals and bureaucracy were the main difficulties for the implementation of ATHIS in the municipalities. With this, it is concluded that self-construction in the metropolitan region of Aracaju/SE can be characterized by the evolution and autonomy of the residents, since it is often consolidated through repeated interruptions and with no prospect of completion, it is still shaped by the from the initiative and work of the residents themselves, with the help of family members or hired professionals, generally without the guidance of a technical person and under the omission of the government. Finally, it is expected that the survey on self-construction practices and the actors involved in them, as a result, this work can contribute to stimulating discussions on the subject and the proposition of public policies that address the demands and specificities of self-builders. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021-05-31 |
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2022-10-03T20:13:22Z |
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2022-10-03T20:13:22Z |
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VIANA, Marina Ribeiro. Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE. 2021. 222 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2021. |
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http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/16349 |
identifier_str_mv |
VIANA, Marina Ribeiro. Diagnóstico sobre as práticas de autoconstrução na região metropolitana de Aracaju/SE. 2021. 222 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) – Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2021. |
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