Afeto e solidariedade no trabalho escravo doméstico : estudo de caso “doméstica de criação”

• Autor(a) principal: Santana, Cristiana Barbosa
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15187
• topic: Direito; Ensino do direito; Pobreza; Vínculo empregatício; Trabalho escravo; Trabalho doméstico; Direito do trabalho; Poverty; Employment relationship; Household slave labor; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO::DIREITO PRIVADO::DIREITO DO TRABALHO

Data on slave labor indicate that women are practically not enslaved in Brazil, so it is necessary to verify whether female enslavement centers are being located and inspected. Housework can be one of these, as it is one of the most precarious categories; it is marked by a cut of gender, race and class; by the difficulty of seeing it as an effective job; and also due to the invisibility of inspection. Furthermore, it is work assigned since childhood, as it does not lack formal qualification. Therefore, this study faces a peculiar issue found in household work relationships: the practice of "raising" maids "as if they were family", to escape the labor legislation, here called "foster chore girls", in order to demarcate the exploitation relationship and distinguishing it from cases in which there is a socio-affective affiliation – the “foster daughters”. The practice consists of “welcoming” children and adolescents who are in socioeconomic vulnerability to offer them an “opportunity” to leave the life condition to which they are submitted, in exchange for a “contribution” in household services. The “opportunity” is limited to housing, food and clothing, in addition to the promise of study and, at times, some meager remuneration. The problem is that, in this condition, they are not assured of their rights as workers or as family members, remaining in a limbo that impedes any possibilities of social mobility; in addition, not infrequently, they are exposed to a series of violence and exploitation. In view of this, it was questioned whether it is possible to recognize the bond of domestic work of the “foster chore girls” and, therefore, whether this condition can be characterized as contemporary slavery. Qualitative analysis was used, through a real case study, which was developed from a labor process of the TRT20th Region, a semi-directive interview and direct observation of the current socioeconomic context of the worker. It was found that the "foster chore girls", despite the provision of domestic services, face as a challenge for the recognition of a work relationship: the supposed affective-family relationship, the social support that the practice of welcoming vulnerable children carries and the idea of that the relationship is constituted as an “exchange of favors” between the parties. These same factors mask the exploitation relationship and make it difficult to verify the condition of slave labor, both for children and young adults, as the condition of “foster chore girl” is prolonged over time. And, in order to raise awareness, it also brings provocations from decolonial feminism, in the sense of asking why poor girls, in order to survive, need to surrender their existence and live in the condition of “servants”.