Evaluation of the clinical aspects of patients hospitalized for diabetic foot in a hospital in the city of Pinheiro - Maranhão

• Main Author: Ferreira Ramalho, Jean Bismarck
• Publication Date: 2023
• Other Authors: Nogueira Durans, Keyla Cristina, de Oliveira, Dayane Pereira, Moreira de Oliveira, Luana Cristina, Costa, Beatriz Fontenelle, Ribeiro Pessoa, Débora Luana
• Format: Article
• Language: por
• Source: Saúde (Santa Maria)
• Download full: https://periodicos.ufsm.br/revistasaude/article/view/69691
• topic: Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic foot; Complications of Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus; Pie diabético; Complicaciones de la diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus; Pé diabético; Complicações do Diabetes

Introduction: Among the diseases generated by diabetes, there are acute and chronic complications. One of the main chronic problems is the diabetic foot, defined as the existence of infection, ulceration and/or destruction of deep tissues related to neurological problems and various levels of peripheral vascular disease in individuals with DM. Methodology: This is an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study. The research was carried out in two moments, the first being at Hospital Regional Dr. Antenor Abreu, in the municipality of Pinheiro - MA, where patients hospitalized for diabetic foot were studied during the period from March to September 2019, and in January 2020 in that hospital through active search, through data collection and review of medical records. Ten individuals with diabetes in the aforementioned city were interviewed through a questionnaire. Data were tabulated in Excel 2016 software and analyzed by Stata program, using Fisher's exact test and student's t test. Results: Of the 31 patients evaluated, it was seen that 41.9% received only clinical treatment and 38.7% were amputees. In the interview, it is clear that a large part is between the ranges of 41 to 60 and 61 to 80 years, corresponding to 80% of the sample. As for the variables used to identify foot care, there is a discrepancy between the knowledge of the need to perform such care (100%) and the percentage of respondents who said they did not receive guidance on how to perform such care (40%). In addition, 10% of respondents said they were smokers and 20% are ex-smokers, as well as 80% have a diagnosis of systemic arterial hypertension. Final considerations: The study presents important aspects of the profile of these individuals and the diabetic foot, as well as relevant information on preventive aspects, which are the best interventional solution for this pathology.