Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20470 |
Resumo: | This thesis provides information of new traversodontid cynodont taxon, Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum, which is closely related to Exaeretodon, although the new taxonomic unit shows a unique combination of features not present in other cynodonts: two upper incisors; distal accessory labial cusp of upper postcanines more labially placed in comparison with Exaeretodon; two/three lower incisors; rostrum short, broad with almost the same length of the temporal region; postorbital bar more anteriorly positioned than in Exaeretodon; descending process of the jugal incipient; posteriormost border of zygomatic process of squamosal, short and rounded; lambdoidal crest not forming a concavity such as that present in Exaeretodon; and an anteroposteriorly short basicranium. S. niemeyerorum was found in a new Upper Triassic fossiliferous outcrop (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil, the Niemeyer Site, which lithology is consistent with that of the Candelária Sequence. This new locality presents a high prevalence of traversodontid cynodonts. The majority of the collected specimens are mostly composed of isolated bones and fragmentary specimens, but also including well-preserved skulls and lower jaws. Probainognathian cynodonts and archosauromorphs are also present, but they are rare in comparison with the records of traversodontids. The specimens collected so far were grouped into Voorhies Groups. There is a predominance of Voorhies Group III and the Group II the less represented (Group III > Group I > Group II). Some specimens display evidence of ichnological activity of invertebrate scavengers. Given that so far no confirmed traversodontids recorded in the uppermost levels of the Candelária Sequence, we suggest a Carnian age for the new outcrop. The holotype of S. niemeyerorum (CAPPA/UFSM 0032) as well as two specimens of Exaeretodon riograndensis (CAPPA/UFSM 0030 e 0227), were scanned in a medical tomograph, in order to access its internal structures, to investigate the endocranial morphology of both taxa. After the segmentation of endocranial cavities and generation of the 3D models, it was observed that the endocasts were elongated and tubular, without a clearly division between the cerebral regions. In both taxa, a longitudinal sulcus dividing, the olfactory bulbs and the cerebral hemispheres are absent. The unossified zone is well developed and the pineal tube is absent. S. niemeyerorum has a well delimited hypophyseal fossa, whereas in E. riograndensis it is not well delimited. Encephalization Quotients was calculated to each specimen, resulting in higher values than the observed in other traversodontids, probably because technic differences employed to obtain the endocast volume. Overall, the endocast morphology of S. niemeyerorum and E. riograndensis is similar to described to others cynodonts. This study provide the first data about the endocranial morphology of traversodontids through tomography. |
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2021-03-30T10:45:48Z2021-03-30T10:45:48Z2019-04-30http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20470This thesis provides information of new traversodontid cynodont taxon, Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum, which is closely related to Exaeretodon, although the new taxonomic unit shows a unique combination of features not present in other cynodonts: two upper incisors; distal accessory labial cusp of upper postcanines more labially placed in comparison with Exaeretodon; two/three lower incisors; rostrum short, broad with almost the same length of the temporal region; postorbital bar more anteriorly positioned than in Exaeretodon; descending process of the jugal incipient; posteriormost border of zygomatic process of squamosal, short and rounded; lambdoidal crest not forming a concavity such as that present in Exaeretodon; and an anteroposteriorly short basicranium. S. niemeyerorum was found in a new Upper Triassic fossiliferous outcrop (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil, the Niemeyer Site, which lithology is consistent with that of the Candelária Sequence. This new locality presents a high prevalence of traversodontid cynodonts. The majority of the collected specimens are mostly composed of isolated bones and fragmentary specimens, but also including well-preserved skulls and lower jaws. Probainognathian cynodonts and archosauromorphs are also present, but they are rare in comparison with the records of traversodontids. The specimens collected so far were grouped into Voorhies Groups. There is a predominance of Voorhies Group III and the Group II the less represented (Group III > Group I > Group II). Some specimens display evidence of ichnological activity of invertebrate scavengers. Given that so far no confirmed traversodontids recorded in the uppermost levels of the Candelária Sequence, we suggest a Carnian age for the new outcrop. The holotype of S. niemeyerorum (CAPPA/UFSM 0032) as well as two specimens of Exaeretodon riograndensis (CAPPA/UFSM 0030 e 0227), were scanned in a medical tomograph, in order to access its internal structures, to investigate the endocranial morphology of both taxa. After the segmentation of endocranial cavities and generation of the 3D models, it was observed that the endocasts were elongated and tubular, without a clearly division between the cerebral regions. In both taxa, a longitudinal sulcus dividing, the olfactory bulbs and the cerebral hemispheres are absent. The unossified zone is well developed and the pineal tube is absent. S. niemeyerorum has a well delimited hypophyseal fossa, whereas in E. riograndensis it is not well delimited. Encephalization Quotients was calculated to each specimen, resulting in higher values than the observed in other traversodontids, probably because technic differences employed to obtain the endocast volume. Overall, the endocast morphology of S. niemeyerorum and E. riograndensis is similar to described to others cynodonts. This study provide the first data about the endocranial morphology of traversodontids through tomography.A presente tese apresenta a descrição de um novo táxon de cinodonte traversodontídeo, filogeneticamente relacionado com Exaeretodon, mas que possui uma combinação única de características não presentes em outros cinodontes, o que justificou a nomeação do novo táxon, Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum: presença de dois incisivos superiores; cúspide labial acessória distal dos pós-caninos superiores posicionada mais labialmente, em comparação com Exaeretodon; dois a três incisivos inferiores; rostro curto e amplo, com aproximadamente o mesmo comprimento da região temporal; processo descendente do jugal incipiente; barra pós-orbital posicionada mais anteriormente do que em Exaeretodon; borda posterior do processo zigomático do esquamosal curto e arredondado; crista lambdoidal não forma uma concavidade, como em Exaeretodon; e basicrânio curto anteroposteriomente. S. niemeyerorum provêm de uma nova localidade fossilífera do Triássico Superior (Supersequência Santa Maria) do sul do Brasil, aqui também apresentada, nomeada Sítio Niemeyer, cuja litologia se assemelha a da Sequência Candelária. Essa nova localidade apresenta uma grande prevalência de registros de cinodontes traversodontídeos. A maioria de seus fósseis é constituída de ossos isolados e fragmentados, com alguns poucos exemplares de crânios e mandíbulas mais completos e com boa preservação. Espécimes de cinodontes probainognátios e de arcossauromorfos também foram encontrados, mas são significativamente menos frequentes em comparação com os registros de traversodontídeos. Os espécimes coletados até este momento foram classificados de acordo com os Grupos de Voorhies, sendo o Grupo 3 o mais abundante e o Grupo 2 o menos representado (Grupo III > Grupo I > Grupo II). Foi observado em alguns espécimes evidências de icnofósseis resultantes da ação de invertebrados. Quanto à possível geocronologia dessa nova localidade, foi sugerida uma idade Carniana, já que, até o momento, não há registros confirmados de traversodontídeos nas porções superiores da Sequência Candelária.O holótipo de S. niemeyerorum (CAPPA/UFSM 0032) assim como dos espécimes de Exaeretodon riograndensis (CAPPA/UFSM 0030 e 0227), foram tomografados em um tomógrafo médico, na intenção de acessar as suas estruturas internas, objetivando o estudo da morfologia endocraniana desses táxons. Após a segmentação das cavidades endocranianas e geração dos modelos 3D, observou-se que ambos apresentam molde da cavidade endocraniana (endocast) alongado e tubular, sem uma clara separação entre as regiões do cérebro. Em ambos, um sulco longitudinal dividindo os bulbos olfatórios e os hemisférios cerebrais está ausente. Apresentam a zona não ossificada bem desenvolvida e o tubo pineal ausente. S. niemeyerorum apresenta a fossa hipofiseal bem delimitada, enquanto que, em E. riograndensis, esta não está bem marcada. Foram calculados os Quocientes de Encefalização para cada espécime, os quais resultaram em valores mais altos do que observado em outros traversodontídeos, provavelmente devido a diferenças na técnica para obtenção do volume dos endocast. De formal geral a morfologia de endocast de S. niemeyerorum e E. riograndensis é semelhante àquela descrita para outros cinodontes. Este estudo fornece os primeiros dados sobre a morfologia endocraniana de cinodontes traversodontídeos acessada através de técnicas tomográficas.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade AnimalUFSMBrasilBioquímicaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSiriusgnathusExaeretodonGomphodontiaSupersequência Santa MariaSanta Maria SupersequenceCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICAAnatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiroAnatomy, taxomy and phylogeny of Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisSilva, Sérgio Dias dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3457632168727854Ribeiro, Ana MariaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXPinheiro, Felipe LimaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXSoares, Marina BentoXXXXXXXXXXXXOliveira, Téo VeigaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6283843336704821Pavanatto, Ane Elise Branco200800000002600a41ae4db-1677-4f29-b71b-a794e9c310638d1dae99-f7e0-4205-8cc8-ac3dddb3f47a06b54f9a-83a1-4ae4-99f0-5409db82b9e57b169729-09c5-483d-8179-0a99ed2f2689916b1024-1f80-44be-a6a0-111349458dddfffcba72-55db-4eda-808d-4a7ae8dc79bcreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALTES_PPGBA_2019_PAVANATTO_ANE.pdfTES_PPGBA_2019_PAVANATTO_ANE.pdfTese de Doutoradoapplication/pdf13968041http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/20470/1/TES_PPGBA_2019_PAVANATTO_ANE.pdfa4377de0033dff6608d93ef6bc1bc0bfMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Anatomy, taxomy and phylogeny of Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil |
title |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
spellingShingle |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro Pavanatto, Ane Elise Branco Siriusgnathus Exaeretodon Gomphodontia Supersequência Santa Maria Santa Maria Supersequence CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
title_short |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
title_full |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
title_fullStr |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
title_sort |
Anatomia, taxonomia e filogenia de Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum (Eucynodontia, Traversodontidae) do Triássico Superior sul-brasileiro |
author |
Pavanatto, Ane Elise Branco |
author_facet |
Pavanatto, Ane Elise Branco |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Sérgio Dias da |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3457632168727854 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Ribeiro, Ana Maria |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Pinheiro, Felipe Lima |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
XXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Soares, Marina Bento |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
XXXXXXXXXXXX |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Téo Veiga |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6283843336704821 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pavanatto, Ane Elise Branco |
contributor_str_mv |
Silva, Sérgio Dias da Ribeiro, Ana Maria Pinheiro, Felipe Lima Soares, Marina Bento Oliveira, Téo Veiga |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Siriusgnathus Exaeretodon Gomphodontia Supersequência Santa Maria |
topic |
Siriusgnathus Exaeretodon Gomphodontia Supersequência Santa Maria Santa Maria Supersequence CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Santa Maria Supersequence |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
description |
This thesis provides information of new traversodontid cynodont taxon, Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum, which is closely related to Exaeretodon, although the new taxonomic unit shows a unique combination of features not present in other cynodonts: two upper incisors; distal accessory labial cusp of upper postcanines more labially placed in comparison with Exaeretodon; two/three lower incisors; rostrum short, broad with almost the same length of the temporal region; postorbital bar more anteriorly positioned than in Exaeretodon; descending process of the jugal incipient; posteriormost border of zygomatic process of squamosal, short and rounded; lambdoidal crest not forming a concavity such as that present in Exaeretodon; and an anteroposteriorly short basicranium. S. niemeyerorum was found in a new Upper Triassic fossiliferous outcrop (Santa Maria Supersequence) of Southern Brazil, the Niemeyer Site, which lithology is consistent with that of the Candelária Sequence. This new locality presents a high prevalence of traversodontid cynodonts. The majority of the collected specimens are mostly composed of isolated bones and fragmentary specimens, but also including well-preserved skulls and lower jaws. Probainognathian cynodonts and archosauromorphs are also present, but they are rare in comparison with the records of traversodontids. The specimens collected so far were grouped into Voorhies Groups. There is a predominance of Voorhies Group III and the Group II the less represented (Group III > Group I > Group II). Some specimens display evidence of ichnological activity of invertebrate scavengers. Given that so far no confirmed traversodontids recorded in the uppermost levels of the Candelária Sequence, we suggest a Carnian age for the new outcrop. The holotype of S. niemeyerorum (CAPPA/UFSM 0032) as well as two specimens of Exaeretodon riograndensis (CAPPA/UFSM 0030 e 0227), were scanned in a medical tomograph, in order to access its internal structures, to investigate the endocranial morphology of both taxa. After the segmentation of endocranial cavities and generation of the 3D models, it was observed that the endocasts were elongated and tubular, without a clearly division between the cerebral regions. In both taxa, a longitudinal sulcus dividing, the olfactory bulbs and the cerebral hemispheres are absent. The unossified zone is well developed and the pineal tube is absent. S. niemeyerorum has a well delimited hypophyseal fossa, whereas in E. riograndensis it is not well delimited. Encephalization Quotients was calculated to each specimen, resulting in higher values than the observed in other traversodontids, probably because technic differences employed to obtain the endocast volume. Overall, the endocast morphology of S. niemeyerorum and E. riograndensis is similar to described to others cynodonts. This study provide the first data about the endocranial morphology of traversodontids through tomography. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2019-04-30 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-30T10:45:48Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-30T10:45:48Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20470 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20470 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
200800000002 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Bioquímica |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
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bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
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1794523874599108608 |