Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5509 |
Resumo: | No-tillage system is a soil management practice which predominates in the agricultural fields of Rio Grande do Sul Plateau. For its success, is essential the permanent vegetal soil cover maintenance and an adequate crop rotation system. However, many areas remain in fallow during the winter or the main cover crop used is oat in pure stand. It s necessary to introduce new species of cover crops for rotation with the oat in the winter and also for the use in mixtures, in order to conciliate the soil protection and the nitrogen supply to crops in succession. The objective of this work was to evaluate the decomposition and nitrogen supply to the no-tillage corn, using cover crops in mixture or in purestands. The study was conducted in Nao-Me-Toque, RS, in an Oxisol. It was evaluated ten treatments which consisted of four cover crops in pure stands [rye (Secale cereale L), oat (Avena strigosa Schreb), winter pea (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense) and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg)], five of mixtures [(rye + winter pea, rye + oilseed radish, oat + oilseed radish, rye + common vetch (Vicia sativa L) and oat + common vetch)] and one in fallow, with spontaneous vegetation of the area. The decomposition dynamics and nitrogen release was evaluated by conditioning the crop residues of each treatment in mesh bags which were placed on the soil surface and collected at 7, 14, 21, 28, 57, 117, 164 days. After the management of cover crops, the main plots were subdivided into six subplots where the no-tillage corn was fertilized with six nitrogen levels: zero, 50% of N recommended amount by the Comissão de Química e Fetilidade do Solo- RS/SC (CQFS) (2004), the N recommended amount by the CQFS but only in top dressing, 100, 150 and 200% of the N recommended amount by the CQFS. The oilseed radish was the specie that, in pure stand or mixed to rye and oat, had a highest dry matter yield and N accumulation. The decomposition rate and nitrogen release was inversely proportional to the C/N ratio of residues. When mixed, the rate of decomposition and nitrogen release of residues from cover crops was intermediate to that observed for pure stands. The use of cover crops enhanced the corn yield in 11.2%, relatively to the fallow. |
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2017-03-162017-03-162010-02-26DONEDA, Alexandre. Cover crops in mixtures or in pure stands: Decomposition and nitrogen supply to cron. 2010. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5509No-tillage system is a soil management practice which predominates in the agricultural fields of Rio Grande do Sul Plateau. For its success, is essential the permanent vegetal soil cover maintenance and an adequate crop rotation system. However, many areas remain in fallow during the winter or the main cover crop used is oat in pure stand. It s necessary to introduce new species of cover crops for rotation with the oat in the winter and also for the use in mixtures, in order to conciliate the soil protection and the nitrogen supply to crops in succession. The objective of this work was to evaluate the decomposition and nitrogen supply to the no-tillage corn, using cover crops in mixture or in purestands. The study was conducted in Nao-Me-Toque, RS, in an Oxisol. It was evaluated ten treatments which consisted of four cover crops in pure stands [rye (Secale cereale L), oat (Avena strigosa Schreb), winter pea (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense) and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg)], five of mixtures [(rye + winter pea, rye + oilseed radish, oat + oilseed radish, rye + common vetch (Vicia sativa L) and oat + common vetch)] and one in fallow, with spontaneous vegetation of the area. The decomposition dynamics and nitrogen release was evaluated by conditioning the crop residues of each treatment in mesh bags which were placed on the soil surface and collected at 7, 14, 21, 28, 57, 117, 164 days. After the management of cover crops, the main plots were subdivided into six subplots where the no-tillage corn was fertilized with six nitrogen levels: zero, 50% of N recommended amount by the Comissão de Química e Fetilidade do Solo- RS/SC (CQFS) (2004), the N recommended amount by the CQFS but only in top dressing, 100, 150 and 200% of the N recommended amount by the CQFS. The oilseed radish was the specie that, in pure stand or mixed to rye and oat, had a highest dry matter yield and N accumulation. The decomposition rate and nitrogen release was inversely proportional to the C/N ratio of residues. When mixed, the rate of decomposition and nitrogen release of residues from cover crops was intermediate to that observed for pure stands. The use of cover crops enhanced the corn yield in 11.2%, relatively to the fallow.O sistema plantio direto é a forma de manejo do solo predominante nas lavouras do Planalto do Rio Grande do Sul. Para o sucesso do mesmo, é fundamental a manutenção de cobertura vegetal permanente sobre o solo e um adequado sistema de rotação de culturas. No entanto, muitas áreas ainda permanecem em pousio no período invernal ou então com aveia em cultivo solteiro. É preciso introduzir novas espécies de plantas de cobertura para rotação com aveia no inverno e também para uso em consórcios, a fim de conciliar proteção do solo e fornecimento de nitrogênio às culturas em sucessão. Conduziu-se esse trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar a decomposição dos resíduos culturais de plantas de cobertura solteiras e consorciadas e o fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho cultivado em sucessão, em plantio direto. O trabalho foi realizado em Não-Me-Toque, RS, em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico. Foram avaliados dez tratamentos constituídos por quatro culturas solteiras [centeio (Secale cereale L), aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb), ervilha forrageira (Pisum sativum subesp. arvense) e nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg)], cinco consórcios [(centeio + ervilha forrageira, centeio + nabo forrageiro, aveia + nabo forrageiro, centeio + ervilhaca (Vicia sativa L.) e aveia + ervilhaca)], além de um tratamento em pousio, com a vegetação espontânea da área. A dinâmica de decomposição e liberação de nitrogênio foi avaliada acondicionando-se os resíduos de cada tratamento em bolsas de decomposição, as quais foram distribuídas na superfície do solo e coletadas aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 57, 117, 164 dias. Após o manejo das plantas de cobertura, as parcelas principais foram subdivididas em 6 subparcelas onde foi implantada a cultura do milho, em plantio direto, com seis tratamentos compostos por doses de nitrogênio. Foram utilizadas 6 doses de N, na forma de uréia: zero, 50% da recomendação de N conforme a Comissão de Química e Fertilidade do Solo RS/SC (2004) (CQFS), a recomendação da CQFS somente em cobertura, 100, 150 e 200% da recomendação da CQFS. O nabo foi a espécie que, em cultivo solteiro e consorciado com centeio ou aveia, apresentou maior produção de matéria seca e acúmulo de N. A velocidade de decomposição e liberação de nitrogênio dos resíduos culturais das plantas de cobertura foi inversamente proporcional à sua relação C/N. Quando consorciadas, a taxa de decomposição e liberação de nitrogênio dos resíduos das plantas de cobertura foi intermediária ao observado para as culturas puras. O uso de plantas de cobertura aumentou a produtividade de grãos de milho em 11,2 %, relativamente ao pousio invernal.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBRAgronomiaMineralização do C e do NAdubação verdePlantio diretoMineralization of C and NGreen manureNo-tillageCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOPlantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milhoCover crops in mixtures or in pure stands: Decomposition and nitrogen supply to croninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisAita, Celsohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7391004032643110Giacomini, Sandro Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1112466940331009Bayer, Ciméliohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5954461350700731http://lattes.cnpq.br/8713780016274130Doneda, Alexandre500100100005400500500500500faed6ca8-aa2b-4289-9d78-aa62effd4bf5c34e8edc-3ccd-40e1-a09d-6fa69c77c1a4d62c9ba7-4a85-4cca-a31e-fe2085959ee0334836b9-9bd6-41f2-8117-73854793b206info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDONEDA, ALEXANDRE.pdfapplication/pdf600077http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5509/1/DONEDA%2c%20ALEXANDRE.pdf6623babc5d72e755a20f3920664e4392MD51TEXTDONEDA, ALEXANDRE.pdf.txtDONEDA, ALEXANDRE.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain167016http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5509/2/DONEDA%2c%20ALEXANDRE.pdf.txta5ff18b9aa679b1bb36cd5181668bf44MD52THUMBNAILDONEDA, ALEXANDRE.pdf.jpgDONEDA, ALEXANDRE.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5142http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5509/3/DONEDA%2c%20ALEXANDRE.pdf.jpg885a71f159270424c2bc37ba94b634d4MD531/55092021-09-22 10:42:28.145oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/5509Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestopendoar:39132021-09-22T13:42:28Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Cover crops in mixtures or in pure stands: Decomposition and nitrogen supply to cron |
title |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
spellingShingle |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho Doneda, Alexandre Mineralização do C e do N Adubação verde Plantio direto Mineralization of C and N Green manure No-tillage CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
title_full |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
title_fullStr |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
title_sort |
Plantas de cobertura de solo consorciadas e em cultivo solteiro: Decomposição e fornecimento de nitrogênio ao milho |
author |
Doneda, Alexandre |
author_facet |
Doneda, Alexandre |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Aita, Celso |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7391004032643110 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Giacomini, Sandro José |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1112466940331009 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Bayer, Cimélio |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5954461350700731 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8713780016274130 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Doneda, Alexandre |
contributor_str_mv |
Aita, Celso Giacomini, Sandro José Bayer, Cimélio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Mineralização do C e do N Adubação verde Plantio direto |
topic |
Mineralização do C e do N Adubação verde Plantio direto Mineralization of C and N Green manure No-tillage CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Mineralization of C and N Green manure No-tillage |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
No-tillage system is a soil management practice which predominates in the agricultural fields of Rio Grande do Sul Plateau. For its success, is essential the permanent vegetal soil cover maintenance and an adequate crop rotation system. However, many areas remain in fallow during the winter or the main cover crop used is oat in pure stand. It s necessary to introduce new species of cover crops for rotation with the oat in the winter and also for the use in mixtures, in order to conciliate the soil protection and the nitrogen supply to crops in succession. The objective of this work was to evaluate the decomposition and nitrogen supply to the no-tillage corn, using cover crops in mixture or in purestands. The study was conducted in Nao-Me-Toque, RS, in an Oxisol. It was evaluated ten treatments which consisted of four cover crops in pure stands [rye (Secale cereale L), oat (Avena strigosa Schreb), winter pea (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense) and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg)], five of mixtures [(rye + winter pea, rye + oilseed radish, oat + oilseed radish, rye + common vetch (Vicia sativa L) and oat + common vetch)] and one in fallow, with spontaneous vegetation of the area. The decomposition dynamics and nitrogen release was evaluated by conditioning the crop residues of each treatment in mesh bags which were placed on the soil surface and collected at 7, 14, 21, 28, 57, 117, 164 days. After the management of cover crops, the main plots were subdivided into six subplots where the no-tillage corn was fertilized with six nitrogen levels: zero, 50% of N recommended amount by the Comissão de Química e Fetilidade do Solo- RS/SC (CQFS) (2004), the N recommended amount by the CQFS but only in top dressing, 100, 150 and 200% of the N recommended amount by the CQFS. The oilseed radish was the specie that, in pure stand or mixed to rye and oat, had a highest dry matter yield and N accumulation. The decomposition rate and nitrogen release was inversely proportional to the C/N ratio of residues. When mixed, the rate of decomposition and nitrogen release of residues from cover crops was intermediate to that observed for pure stands. The use of cover crops enhanced the corn yield in 11.2%, relatively to the fallow. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2010-02-26 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-16 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-16 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
DONEDA, Alexandre. Cover crops in mixtures or in pure stands: Decomposition and nitrogen supply to cron. 2010. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5509 |
identifier_str_mv |
DONEDA, Alexandre. Cover crops in mixtures or in pure stands: Decomposition and nitrogen supply to cron. 2010. 81 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5509 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
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por |
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500100100005 |
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400 500 500 500 500 |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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UFSM |
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BR |
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Agronomia |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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