Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23359 |
Resumo: | Due to the growing commercial interest in non-timber forest products, such as mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), mainly in the preparation of drinks and nutraceutical products, the development of clonal propagation techniques for this species is extremely important, and may result in uniform stands and high leaf yield. Given this context, the present study aimed to anatomically characterize the adventitious roots of mini-cuttings and determine the quality of plantlets of mate produced by mini-cuttings. For the anatomical characterization, mini-cuttings of 10SM07, 06SM17, 06SM15 and 06SM12 clones were collected at 0, 30 and 60 days of cultivation in humid chamber, fixed and sectioned on a rotating microtome. Ferric chloride was used to detect phenolic compounds and the lugol solution to identify starch grains. For the study of mini-cutting size, shoots were collected from ministumps maintained in mini-clonal hedge, classified as small (up to 2.5 cm), medium (2.6 to 5.0 cm) and large (5.1 to 10.0 cm) and planted in equal proportions of commercial substrate, vermiculite and sand. At 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of cultivation in humid chamber, mini-cuttings were evaluated for percentages of survival, calogenesis, shooting, number and length of shoot, percentages of rooting, number and length of roots. To evaluate the effect of the substrate compositions, rooted mini-cuttings were cultivated on commercial substrate, subsoil and vermiculite (2:1:1 v/v/v), commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) or subsoil, cattle manure and carbonized rice husks (2:1:1 v/v/v). At 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation, mini-cuttings were evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, ratio of shoot height and stem diameter and number of leaves. At 120 days of cultivation, three plantlets of each treatment were also evaluated for shoot and root dry mass ratio, total length, surface area, total volume, number of root tips and Dickson quality index. The produced plantlets were randomly distributed in benches with shading screens of 50 and 80% and evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, and number of leaves at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation. The relative content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and ratio of chlorophyll a and b were also quantified with the chlorophyll meter. Differences in the rhizogenic capacity of mini-cuttings of four mate clones did not dependend on the presence of anatomical barriers or the accumulation of phenolic compounds, but may be associated with the presence and distribution of starch grains in vegetative propagules. Mini-cuttings with different sizes allowed adventitious rooting, however, the use of small mini-cuttings (up to 2.5 cm) can maximize plantlets production by mini-cuttings. Mate clonal plantlets with satisfactory morphophysiological quality can be produced in commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) under 50 and 80% shading. |
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2021-12-17T13:36:36Z2021-12-17T13:36:36Z2020-03-16http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23359Due to the growing commercial interest in non-timber forest products, such as mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), mainly in the preparation of drinks and nutraceutical products, the development of clonal propagation techniques for this species is extremely important, and may result in uniform stands and high leaf yield. Given this context, the present study aimed to anatomically characterize the adventitious roots of mini-cuttings and determine the quality of plantlets of mate produced by mini-cuttings. For the anatomical characterization, mini-cuttings of 10SM07, 06SM17, 06SM15 and 06SM12 clones were collected at 0, 30 and 60 days of cultivation in humid chamber, fixed and sectioned on a rotating microtome. Ferric chloride was used to detect phenolic compounds and the lugol solution to identify starch grains. For the study of mini-cutting size, shoots were collected from ministumps maintained in mini-clonal hedge, classified as small (up to 2.5 cm), medium (2.6 to 5.0 cm) and large (5.1 to 10.0 cm) and planted in equal proportions of commercial substrate, vermiculite and sand. At 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of cultivation in humid chamber, mini-cuttings were evaluated for percentages of survival, calogenesis, shooting, number and length of shoot, percentages of rooting, number and length of roots. To evaluate the effect of the substrate compositions, rooted mini-cuttings were cultivated on commercial substrate, subsoil and vermiculite (2:1:1 v/v/v), commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) or subsoil, cattle manure and carbonized rice husks (2:1:1 v/v/v). At 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation, mini-cuttings were evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, ratio of shoot height and stem diameter and number of leaves. At 120 days of cultivation, three plantlets of each treatment were also evaluated for shoot and root dry mass ratio, total length, surface area, total volume, number of root tips and Dickson quality index. The produced plantlets were randomly distributed in benches with shading screens of 50 and 80% and evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, and number of leaves at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation. The relative content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and ratio of chlorophyll a and b were also quantified with the chlorophyll meter. Differences in the rhizogenic capacity of mini-cuttings of four mate clones did not dependend on the presence of anatomical barriers or the accumulation of phenolic compounds, but may be associated with the presence and distribution of starch grains in vegetative propagules. Mini-cuttings with different sizes allowed adventitious rooting, however, the use of small mini-cuttings (up to 2.5 cm) can maximize plantlets production by mini-cuttings. Mate clonal plantlets with satisfactory morphophysiological quality can be produced in commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) under 50 and 80% shading.Devido ao crescente interesse comercial em produtos florestais não madereiros, como as folhas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil.), principalmente no preparo de bebidas e produtos nutracêuticos, o desenvolvimento das técnicas de propagação clonal desta espécie é de extrema importância, podendo resultar em povoamentos uniformes e com alta produtividade foliar. Diante deste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou caracterizar anatomicamente as raízes adventícias de miniestacas e determinar a qualidade das mudas de erva-mate produzidas por miniestaquia. Para a caracterização anatômica, miniestacas dos clones 10SM07, 06SM17, 06SM15 e 06SM12 foram coletadas aos 0, 30 e 60 dias de cultivo em câmara úmida, fixadas e seccionadas em micrótomo de rotação. Cloreto férrico foi utilizado para detectar compostos fenólicos e a solução de lugol para identificar grãos de amido. Para determinar o tamanho ideal das miniestacas, realizou-se a coleta das brotações das minicepas mantidas em minijardim clonal, as quais foram classificadas quanto ao seu comprimento em pequeno (até 2,5 cm), médio (2,6 a 5,0 cm) e grande (5,1 a 10,0 cm) e plantadas em iguais proporções de substrato comercial, vermiculita e areia. Aos 45, 60, 75 e 90 dias de cultivo em câmara úmida, as miniestacas foram avaliadas quanto às porcentagens de sobrevivência, calogênese, brotação, número e comprimento dos brotos, porcentagem de miniestacas enraizadas e número e comprimentos das raízes. Para avaliar o efeito da composição dos substratos na qualidade morfofisiológica das mudas, miniestacas enraizadas foram cultivadas em substrato comercial, terra de subsolo e vermiculita (2:1:1 v/v/v), substrato comercial e terra de subsolo (2:1 v/v) ou terra de subsolo, esterco bovino e casca de arroz carbonizada (2:1:1 v/v/v) e avaliadas aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias de cultivo quanto à porcentagem de sobrevivência, diâmetro de colo, altura da parte aérea, relação entre altura da parte aérea e diâmetro de colo e número de folhas. Também, aos 120 dias de cultivo, três mudas de cada tratamento foram analisadas quanto à relação entre massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes, comprimento total, área superficial, volume total, número de extremidades das raízes e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Posteriormente, estas mudas foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em bancadas com telas de sombreamento de 50 e 80% e avaliadas quanto à porcentagem de sobrevivência, diâmetro de colo, altura da parte aérea e número de folhas aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias de cultivo. Além disso, em cada uma das avaliações morfológicas realizadas também foi quantificado o teor relativo de clorofila a, clorofila b, clorofila total e relação entre clorofila a e b, com auxílio do clorofilômetro. A diferença na capacidade rizogênica das miniestacas dos clones de erva-mate estudados não é dependente da presença de barreiras anatômicas ou da acumulação de compostos fenólicos, mas pode estar associada à presença e distribuição dos grãos de amido nos propágulos vegetativos. Miniestacas com diferentes tamanhos possibilitam o enraizamento adventício, no entanto o uso de miniestacas pequenas (até 2,5 cm) pode maximizar a produção de mudas por miniestaquia. Mudas clonais de erva-mate com satisfatória qualidade morfofisiológica podem ser produzidas em substrato comercial e terra de subsolo (2:1 v/v) sob 50 e 80% de sombreamento.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalUFSMBrasilRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessErva-mateAnatomia das plantasMiniestaquiaSubstratoSombreamentoPlant anatomyMini-cutting techniqueSubstratesShadingCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTALEnraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil.Rooting mini-cuttings and plantlet quality of Ilex paraguariensis A. 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Rooting mini-cuttings and plantlet quality of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
title |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
spellingShingle |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. Pimentel, Nathalia Erva-mate Anatomia das plantas Miniestaquia Substrato Sombreamento Plant anatomy Mini-cutting technique Substrates Shading CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
title_short |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
title_full |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
title_fullStr |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
title_sort |
Enraizamento de miniestacas e qualidade de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil. |
author |
Pimentel, Nathalia |
author_facet |
Pimentel, Nathalia |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Bisognin, Dilson Antônio |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7298261913496737 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Fleig, Frederico Dimas |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4578837964834013 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Mantovani, Nilton César |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Trevisan, Renato |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Lazarotto, Marília |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Gimenes, Eliseo Salvatierra |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5353645317849665 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pimentel, Nathalia |
contributor_str_mv |
Bisognin, Dilson Antônio Fleig, Frederico Dimas Mantovani, Nilton César Trevisan, Renato Lazarotto, Marília Gimenes, Eliseo Salvatierra |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Erva-mate Anatomia das plantas Miniestaquia Substrato Sombreamento |
topic |
Erva-mate Anatomia das plantas Miniestaquia Substrato Sombreamento Plant anatomy Mini-cutting technique Substrates Shading CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Plant anatomy Mini-cutting technique Substrates Shading |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
description |
Due to the growing commercial interest in non-timber forest products, such as mate leaves (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), mainly in the preparation of drinks and nutraceutical products, the development of clonal propagation techniques for this species is extremely important, and may result in uniform stands and high leaf yield. Given this context, the present study aimed to anatomically characterize the adventitious roots of mini-cuttings and determine the quality of plantlets of mate produced by mini-cuttings. For the anatomical characterization, mini-cuttings of 10SM07, 06SM17, 06SM15 and 06SM12 clones were collected at 0, 30 and 60 days of cultivation in humid chamber, fixed and sectioned on a rotating microtome. Ferric chloride was used to detect phenolic compounds and the lugol solution to identify starch grains. For the study of mini-cutting size, shoots were collected from ministumps maintained in mini-clonal hedge, classified as small (up to 2.5 cm), medium (2.6 to 5.0 cm) and large (5.1 to 10.0 cm) and planted in equal proportions of commercial substrate, vermiculite and sand. At 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of cultivation in humid chamber, mini-cuttings were evaluated for percentages of survival, calogenesis, shooting, number and length of shoot, percentages of rooting, number and length of roots. To evaluate the effect of the substrate compositions, rooted mini-cuttings were cultivated on commercial substrate, subsoil and vermiculite (2:1:1 v/v/v), commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) or subsoil, cattle manure and carbonized rice husks (2:1:1 v/v/v). At 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation, mini-cuttings were evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, ratio of shoot height and stem diameter and number of leaves. At 120 days of cultivation, three plantlets of each treatment were also evaluated for shoot and root dry mass ratio, total length, surface area, total volume, number of root tips and Dickson quality index. The produced plantlets were randomly distributed in benches with shading screens of 50 and 80% and evaluated for survival percentage, stem diameter, shoot height, and number of leaves at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of cultivation. The relative content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and ratio of chlorophyll a and b were also quantified with the chlorophyll meter. Differences in the rhizogenic capacity of mini-cuttings of four mate clones did not dependend on the presence of anatomical barriers or the accumulation of phenolic compounds, but may be associated with the presence and distribution of starch grains in vegetative propagules. Mini-cuttings with different sizes allowed adventitious rooting, however, the use of small mini-cuttings (up to 2.5 cm) can maximize plantlets production by mini-cuttings. Mate clonal plantlets with satisfactory morphophysiological quality can be produced in commercial substrate and subsoil (2:1 v/v) under 50 and 80% shading. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-16 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-12-17T13:36:36Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-12-17T13:36:36Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23359 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23359 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500200000003 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
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UFSM |
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UFSM |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
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atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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