Variabilidade espacial da resistência a penetração, granulometria e umidade do solo

• Main Author: Cancian, Luciano Campos
• Publication Date: 2015
• Format: Master thesis
• Language: por
• Source: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM
• Download full: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4941
• topic: Compactação do solo; Malha amostral; Atributos de solo; Subamostras; Soil compaction; Sampling grid; Soil properties; Subsamples; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Productivity of an area is characterized by a series of factors of soil, climate, genetic potential and attack of diseases and pests and competition. Among these various factors, in the soil, the physical quality is not taken into consideration in order to set the production potential of a crop. The resistance to penetration of the soil (RP) should receive attention when it seeks to improve the quality of the soil, because it is an attribute that has direct reflection on crop productivity. Spatial variability of soil physical properties may have a better evaluation by Geostatistics, which determines the spatial dependence of each attribute. In addition to the determination of resistance to penetration, it is recommended connecting additional information such as soil type, water content and particle size, as they may be indicative of the reliability of the results. Added to this, it is important to determine the number of subsamples which must be used, i.e. how many samples must be carried out at one point to provide greater precision. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the spatial variability of the values of RP, particle size and soil moisture, as well as verify the influence of the particle size and soil moisture at the time of determination of the values and define what the minimum number of subsamples which must compose each sample. To this end, the work is in two studies. In the first one, analysis were performed in 12 equidistant points among themselves, where in each of the repetitions were made determinations of cross shaped RP, spaced 0.20 m between each other within a maximum radius of 2 m totaling 41 samples, where four collection methodologies were tested. In the second one, in an area of 4.58 ha, was generated a sample of 10 x 10 m, with a total of 425 points. RP determinations were performed, particle size and soil moisture in four depths. It was found that using a methodology to collect least number of subsamples shows no significant changes in the values of coefficient of variation and the determination of subsamples near the midpoint, in densely populated meshes, eliminates the possibility of embedding medium which may belong to the erroneous point neighbor. Furthermore, the sampling mesh was efficient to demonstrate the variability and attributes presented spatial differential behaviour. The degree of compression of the varied depending on the depth. The correlation analysis, only the attribute humidity presented negative correlation with the RP.