Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22670 |
Resumo: | The building construction sector is among the major contributors to global warming, due to excessive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by anthropogenic activities. As for buildings, actions to mitigate the environmental impacts caused occur worldwide, both for reducing energy use and for greenhouse gas emissions beyond the operation phase, since the contribution of embodied energy and carbon have increased with the evolution of the thermal efficiency of the systems that make up a building. In this sense, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the present work seeks to identify the context of academic-scientific production and the approaches used in Brazil with regard to the assessments of carbon and energy incorporated in buildings. It leads to support the development of a proposal tool that estimates the initial and recurring embodied carbon (EC) of building construction materials, focusing on the use by professionals during the initial stages of design in Santa Maria, RS. The SLR was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2020 in the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog and in four international scientific journals bases. Through the analysis of 96 selected national publications, it has been identified a majority of complete and modular Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) carried out and for the borders of “cradle at the gate” and “cradle at the grave”, using secondary data and a timid sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Moreover, the use os simplifications is mandatory to make such analisys and evaluations feasible, in contrast to the lack of regionalized data. Regarding the tool, a compilation of national secondary data and calculation procedures identified during RSL were used to estimate the CI by material for the “cradle to gate” boundary, and primary data were used from a local survey with commercial establishments for the “gate to ground” boundary, supporting the initial proposal for the elaboration of the tool. The buildings 50 years lifespan was considered, determining the recurring emissions for total replacement of material. These were covered according to the mass representativeness and availability of national data. Concerning the tool proposal, developed in the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor, the materials considered were steel, sand, industrialized mortar, gravel, concrete block,lime, cement, ceramic tiles, ceramic, concrete and fiber cement tiles, ceramic brick, and a composition for concrete on site. As an application example for tool validation, an estimate in a specific building was carried out considering eight of these materials, and the emission result, 0.208 tCO2 / m² of the building, approximately 88% of the total when compared to other materials for the same boundary, approaches those obtained by other authors. The tool proposal proved to be efficient in application, mainly to start considering sustainable issues at a design stage, while the SLR results contribute to the understanding of national research on embodied carbon and energy, being able to outline new investigations in the area. |
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2021-11-03T13:02:04Z2021-11-03T13:02:04Z2020-12-14http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22670The building construction sector is among the major contributors to global warming, due to excessive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by anthropogenic activities. As for buildings, actions to mitigate the environmental impacts caused occur worldwide, both for reducing energy use and for greenhouse gas emissions beyond the operation phase, since the contribution of embodied energy and carbon have increased with the evolution of the thermal efficiency of the systems that make up a building. In this sense, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the present work seeks to identify the context of academic-scientific production and the approaches used in Brazil with regard to the assessments of carbon and energy incorporated in buildings. It leads to support the development of a proposal tool that estimates the initial and recurring embodied carbon (EC) of building construction materials, focusing on the use by professionals during the initial stages of design in Santa Maria, RS. The SLR was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2020 in the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog and in four international scientific journals bases. Through the analysis of 96 selected national publications, it has been identified a majority of complete and modular Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) carried out and for the borders of “cradle at the gate” and “cradle at the grave”, using secondary data and a timid sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Moreover, the use os simplifications is mandatory to make such analisys and evaluations feasible, in contrast to the lack of regionalized data. Regarding the tool, a compilation of national secondary data and calculation procedures identified during RSL were used to estimate the CI by material for the “cradle to gate” boundary, and primary data were used from a local survey with commercial establishments for the “gate to ground” boundary, supporting the initial proposal for the elaboration of the tool. The buildings 50 years lifespan was considered, determining the recurring emissions for total replacement of material. These were covered according to the mass representativeness and availability of national data. Concerning the tool proposal, developed in the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor, the materials considered were steel, sand, industrialized mortar, gravel, concrete block,lime, cement, ceramic tiles, ceramic, concrete and fiber cement tiles, ceramic brick, and a composition for concrete on site. As an application example for tool validation, an estimate in a specific building was carried out considering eight of these materials, and the emission result, 0.208 tCO2 / m² of the building, approximately 88% of the total when compared to other materials for the same boundary, approaches those obtained by other authors. The tool proposal proved to be efficient in application, mainly to start considering sustainable issues at a design stage, while the SLR results contribute to the understanding of national research on embodied carbon and energy, being able to outline new investigations in the area.O setor da construção civil está entre os grandes contribuintes para o aquecimento global, em função das emissões excessivas de dióxido de carbono (CO2) por atividades humanas. Quanto às edificações, ações para mitigação dos impactos ambientais provocados ocorrem a nível mundial, tanto para a redução do uso energético como para emissões de gases do efeito estufa além da fase de operação, uma vez que os percentuais de energia e carbono incorporados têm aumentado com a evolução da eficiência térmica dos sistemas que compõem uma edificação. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho busca identificar, por meio de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), o contexto da produção acadêmico-científica e as abordagens utilizadas no Brasil ao que se refere às avaliações do carbono e energia incorporados das edificações, subsidiando o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de ferramenta que estima o carbono incorporado (CI) inicial e recorrente de materiais da construção civil, com foco para a utilização por profissionais da área em etapa projetual de edificações em Santa Maria, RS. A RSL foi realizada para o período de 2010 a 2020 no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e em quatro bases de periódicos científicos internacionais. Pela análise das 96 publicações nacionais selecionadas, identificou-se uma realização majoritária de Avaliações do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) completa e modular, para as fronteiras de “berço ao portão” e “berço ao túmulo”, com uso de dados secundários e realização tímida de análise de sensibilidade e incertezas. Ainda, o uso de simplificações mostra-se mandatório para viabilizar tais avaliações em contrapartida a falta de dados regionalizados. No que tange à ferramenta, uma compilação de dados secundários nacionais e procedimentos de cálculo identificados durante a RSL foram utilizados para estimar o CI por material para a fronteira “berço ao portão”, e, foram utilizados dados primários a partir de levantamento local junto à estabelecimentos comerciais para identificação de materiais comercializados para a etapa “portão ao terreno”, subsidiando a proposta inicial de elaboração da ferramenta. A vida útil para edificações foi considerada de 50 anos, determinando as emissões recorrentes para reposição total de material, e os mesmos foram contemplados de acordo com a representatividade em massa e disponibilidade de dados nacionais. Desenvolvida no editor de planilhas Microsoft Excel, os materiais considerados foram o aço, areia, argamassa industrializada, brita, bloco de concreto, cal, cimento, revestimento cerâmicos, telhas de cerâmica, de concreto e de fibrocimento, tijolo cerâmico, e uma composição para concreto moldado no local. Como exemplo de aplicação para validação da ferramenta, uma estimativa em obra-exemplo foi realizada considerando oito desses materiais, e o resultado das emissões, de 0,208 tCO2 / m² da edificação, aproximadamente 88% do total quando em comparação a demais materiais para a mesma fronteira, se aproxima aos obtidos por outros autores. A proposta de ferramenta se mostrou eficiente de aplicação, principalmente para iniciar a consideração de questões sustentáveis ainda em etapa projetual, e os resultados da RSL contribuem para o entendimento das pesquisas nacionais sobre carbono e energia incorporados, podendo delinear novas investigações na área.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de TecnologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e PaisagismoUFSMBrasilArquitetura e UrbanismoAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEdificaçõesCarbono incorporadoRevisão sistemática de literaturaFerramenta de quantificação estimadaBuildingsEmbodied carbonSystematic literature reviewEstimated quantification toolCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMOEmissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificaçõesEstimated carbon dioxide emissions from civil construction materials in Brazil during the initial stages of design for Santa Maria -RSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisVaghetti, Marcos Alberto Osshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8730453050780826Santos, Joaquim Cesar Pizzutti dosRomano, Fabiane Vieirakern, Andrea Parisihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2854132026345623Kozloski, Cássia Laire600400000005600600600600ddc1ece7-1d34-45a0-88b2-9f3407f49841940d4b10-5dac-47b0-b23a-f9aa66d94cf531936aa2-9757-47c4-87f2-4a2294ca0ab19258ffdb-9617-4022-900a-64a1b639770e42bbcbff-1f99-4132-9bed-dbc475e874e4reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdfDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf7031875http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/22670/1/DIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdfa7df12b5692012ae8ca12656ea558b6fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/22670/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-816http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/22670/3/license.txtf8fcb28efb1c8cf0dc096bec902bf4c4MD53TEXTDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.txtDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain508758http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/22670/4/DIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.txt425832b849a993ff4b9edc3d06577a1cMD54THUMBNAILDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.jpgDIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4268http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/22670/5/DIS_PPGAUP_2020_KOLOSKI_CASSIA.pdf.jpg4634ff122a88a662079a079a7610dbb3MD551/226702021-12-31 10:22:15.744oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/22670Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucw==Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-12-31T13:22:15Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from civil construction materials in Brazil during the initial stages of design for Santa Maria -RS |
title |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
spellingShingle |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações Kozloski, Cássia Laire Edificações Carbono incorporado Revisão sistemática de literatura Ferramenta de quantificação estimada Buildings Embodied carbon Systematic literature review Estimated quantification tool CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
title_short |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
title_full |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
title_fullStr |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
title_sort |
Emissão de CO2 de materiais de construção civil no Brasil: estimativas na etapa projetual de edificações |
author |
Kozloski, Cássia Laire |
author_facet |
Kozloski, Cássia Laire |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Vaghetti, Marcos Alberto Oss |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8730453050780826 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Joaquim Cesar Pizzutti dos |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Romano, Fabiane Vieira |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
kern, Andrea Parisi |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2854132026345623 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Kozloski, Cássia Laire |
contributor_str_mv |
Vaghetti, Marcos Alberto Oss Santos, Joaquim Cesar Pizzutti dos Romano, Fabiane Vieira kern, Andrea Parisi |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Edificações Carbono incorporado Revisão sistemática de literatura Ferramenta de quantificação estimada |
topic |
Edificações Carbono incorporado Revisão sistemática de literatura Ferramenta de quantificação estimada Buildings Embodied carbon Systematic literature review Estimated quantification tool CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Buildings Embodied carbon Systematic literature review Estimated quantification tool |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
description |
The building construction sector is among the major contributors to global warming, due to excessive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by anthropogenic activities. As for buildings, actions to mitigate the environmental impacts caused occur worldwide, both for reducing energy use and for greenhouse gas emissions beyond the operation phase, since the contribution of embodied energy and carbon have increased with the evolution of the thermal efficiency of the systems that make up a building. In this sense, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the present work seeks to identify the context of academic-scientific production and the approaches used in Brazil with regard to the assessments of carbon and energy incorporated in buildings. It leads to support the development of a proposal tool that estimates the initial and recurring embodied carbon (EC) of building construction materials, focusing on the use by professionals during the initial stages of design in Santa Maria, RS. The SLR was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2020 in the CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog and in four international scientific journals bases. Through the analysis of 96 selected national publications, it has been identified a majority of complete and modular Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) carried out and for the borders of “cradle at the gate” and “cradle at the grave”, using secondary data and a timid sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Moreover, the use os simplifications is mandatory to make such analisys and evaluations feasible, in contrast to the lack of regionalized data. Regarding the tool, a compilation of national secondary data and calculation procedures identified during RSL were used to estimate the CI by material for the “cradle to gate” boundary, and primary data were used from a local survey with commercial establishments for the “gate to ground” boundary, supporting the initial proposal for the elaboration of the tool. The buildings 50 years lifespan was considered, determining the recurring emissions for total replacement of material. These were covered according to the mass representativeness and availability of national data. Concerning the tool proposal, developed in the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor, the materials considered were steel, sand, industrialized mortar, gravel, concrete block,lime, cement, ceramic tiles, ceramic, concrete and fiber cement tiles, ceramic brick, and a composition for concrete on site. As an application example for tool validation, an estimate in a specific building was carried out considering eight of these materials, and the emission result, 0.208 tCO2 / m² of the building, approximately 88% of the total when compared to other materials for the same boundary, approaches those obtained by other authors. The tool proposal proved to be efficient in application, mainly to start considering sustainable issues at a design stage, while the SLR results contribute to the understanding of national research on embodied carbon and energy, being able to outline new investigations in the area. |
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2020 |
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2020-12-14 |
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2021-11-03T13:02:04Z |
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2021-11-03T13:02:04Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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UFSM |
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Brasil |
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Arquitetura e Urbanismo |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Tecnologia |
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