Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Carneiro, Jorge Henrique
Data de Publicação: 2021
Outros Autores: Santos, Junio Fabiano dos, Almeida, Rodrigo de
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV
Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020200174
https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/31637
Resumo: The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of the content of total mixed rations (TMR) offered to high-producing cows from 20 dairy herds of Castro, Paraná State, Brazil. The average milk yield during the sample collection period was 38.0±6.8 kg/day, with 3.47±0.25% milk fat and 3.05±0.18% milk protein. The particle size distribution of samples of fresh diet and leftovers was evaluated using the Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) and chemical analysis was also conducted. The TMR homogeneity was estimated by the coefficient of variation (CV) of particles retained on the two intermediary sieves (<19 and >1.18 mm), in which a CV higher than 5% indicated a poorly mixed TMR. The TMR offered exceeded the formulated TMR only for NDF (+7.3%) and was lower than the formulated TMR for CP (−6.5%), ADF (−10.1%), and ash (−18.6%) contents. These differences are due to daily variations in feed quality, mixing equipment, and ingredient mixing order, mostly for forage. Differences between leftovers and TMR offered were substantial: −9.4% for CP, +25.1% for NDF, +31.6% for ADF, and +13.1% for ash, suggesting a feed sorting effect against long forage particles and in favor of small concentrate particles. The proportion of the offered TMR retained in the top PSPS sieve showed positive correlations with NDF (r = 0.58) and ADF (r = 0.54) contents of the refusals, which indicates that cows sort against long particles. Positive correlations were also found between the CV in the second sieve and NDF (r = 0.56) and ADF (r = 0.47) contents of refusals, suggesting that poorly mixed diets are more easily sorted by cows. Therefore, evaluating the chemical and physical properties of TMR, especially for forage, is extremely important for providing a consistent diet.
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spelling Carneiro, Jorge HenriqueSantos, Junio Fabiano dosAlmeida, Rodrigo de2023-10-11T17:05:55Z2023-10-11T17:05:55Z2021-11-03CARNEIRO, J. H.; SANTOS, J. F.; ALMEIDA, R. Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 50, p. 01-10, 2021. DOI: 10.37496/rbz50202001741806-9290https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020200174https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/3163710.37496/rbz5020200174The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of the content of total mixed rations (TMR) offered to high-producing cows from 20 dairy herds of Castro, Paraná State, Brazil. The average milk yield during the sample collection period was 38.0±6.8 kg/day, with 3.47±0.25% milk fat and 3.05±0.18% milk protein. The particle size distribution of samples of fresh diet and leftovers was evaluated using the Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) and chemical analysis was also conducted. The TMR homogeneity was estimated by the coefficient of variation (CV) of particles retained on the two intermediary sieves (<19 and >1.18 mm), in which a CV higher than 5% indicated a poorly mixed TMR. The TMR offered exceeded the formulated TMR only for NDF (+7.3%) and was lower than the formulated TMR for CP (−6.5%), ADF (−10.1%), and ash (−18.6%) contents. These differences are due to daily variations in feed quality, mixing equipment, and ingredient mixing order, mostly for forage. Differences between leftovers and TMR offered were substantial: −9.4% for CP, +25.1% for NDF, +31.6% for ADF, and +13.1% for ash, suggesting a feed sorting effect against long forage particles and in favor of small concentrate particles. The proportion of the offered TMR retained in the top PSPS sieve showed positive correlations with NDF (r = 0.58) and ADF (r = 0.54) contents of the refusals, which indicates that cows sort against long particles. Positive correlations were also found between the CV in the second sieve and NDF (r = 0.56) and ADF (r = 0.47) contents of refusals, suggesting that poorly mixed diets are more easily sorted by cows. Therefore, evaluating the chemical and physical properties of TMR, especially for forage, is extremely important for providing a consistent diet.engBrazilian Journal of Animal Sciencev. 50, p. 01-10, 2021Creative Commons Attribution Licenseinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDairy cattleParticle sizeNutritionAccuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paranáinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfreponame:LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFVinstname:Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)instacron:UFVORIGINAL1806-9290-rbz-50-e20200174.pdf1806-9290-rbz-50-e20200174.pdfartigoapplication/pdf301163https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/31637/1/1806-9290-rbz-50-e20200174.pdfed288fa90beb617bcbf5a7aebf52b05eMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://locus.ufv.br//bitstream/123456789/31637/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52123456789/316372023-10-11 14:05:56.05oai:locus.ufv.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://www.locus.ufv.br/oai/requestfabiojreis@ufv.bropendoar:21452023-10-11T17:05:56LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV - Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)false
dc.title.en.fl_str_mv Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
title Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
spellingShingle Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
Carneiro, Jorge Henrique
Dairy cattle
Particle size
Nutrition
title_short Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
title_full Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
title_fullStr Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
title_full_unstemmed Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
title_sort Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná
author Carneiro, Jorge Henrique
author_facet Carneiro, Jorge Henrique
Santos, Junio Fabiano dos
Almeida, Rodrigo de
author_role author
author2 Santos, Junio Fabiano dos
Almeida, Rodrigo de
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Carneiro, Jorge Henrique
Santos, Junio Fabiano dos
Almeida, Rodrigo de
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Dairy cattle
Particle size
Nutrition
topic Dairy cattle
Particle size
Nutrition
description The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of the content of total mixed rations (TMR) offered to high-producing cows from 20 dairy herds of Castro, Paraná State, Brazil. The average milk yield during the sample collection period was 38.0±6.8 kg/day, with 3.47±0.25% milk fat and 3.05±0.18% milk protein. The particle size distribution of samples of fresh diet and leftovers was evaluated using the Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) and chemical analysis was also conducted. The TMR homogeneity was estimated by the coefficient of variation (CV) of particles retained on the two intermediary sieves (<19 and >1.18 mm), in which a CV higher than 5% indicated a poorly mixed TMR. The TMR offered exceeded the formulated TMR only for NDF (+7.3%) and was lower than the formulated TMR for CP (−6.5%), ADF (−10.1%), and ash (−18.6%) contents. These differences are due to daily variations in feed quality, mixing equipment, and ingredient mixing order, mostly for forage. Differences between leftovers and TMR offered were substantial: −9.4% for CP, +25.1% for NDF, +31.6% for ADF, and +13.1% for ash, suggesting a feed sorting effect against long forage particles and in favor of small concentrate particles. The proportion of the offered TMR retained in the top PSPS sieve showed positive correlations with NDF (r = 0.58) and ADF (r = 0.54) contents of the refusals, which indicates that cows sort against long particles. Positive correlations were also found between the CV in the second sieve and NDF (r = 0.56) and ADF (r = 0.47) contents of refusals, suggesting that poorly mixed diets are more easily sorted by cows. Therefore, evaluating the chemical and physical properties of TMR, especially for forage, is extremely important for providing a consistent diet.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2021-11-03
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2023-10-11T17:05:55Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2023-10-11T17:05:55Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv CARNEIRO, J. H.; SANTOS, J. F.; ALMEIDA, R. Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 50, p. 01-10, 2021. DOI: 10.37496/rbz5020200174
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020200174
https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/31637
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1806-9290
dc.identifier.doi.pt-BR.fl_str_mv 10.37496/rbz5020200174
identifier_str_mv CARNEIRO, J. H.; SANTOS, J. F.; ALMEIDA, R. Accuracy and physical characteristics of total mixed rations and feeding sorting behavior in dairy herds of Castro, Paraná. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 50, p. 01-10, 2021. DOI: 10.37496/rbz5020200174
1806-9290
10.37496/rbz5020200174
url https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5020200174
https://locus.ufv.br//handle/123456789/31637
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartofseries.pt-BR.fl_str_mv v. 50, p. 01-10, 2021
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Brazilian Journal of Animal Science
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Brazilian Journal of Animal Science
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